The interrogatories to be put at each dwelling house, or to the head of every family are definitely marked in relation to the various classes of inhabitants discriminated in the several columns of the schedule, by the titles at the head of each column. That of the name of the head of each family, must indeed be varied according to its circumstances, as it may be that of a master, mistress, steward, overseer, or other principal person therein. The subsequent inquiries, How many free white males under 10 years there are in the family? How many of 10 and under 16? etc., will follow in the order of the columns. But, to facilitate the labor of your assistants, a printed list of all the interrogatories for enumeration, believed to be necessary, is enclosed; (No. 5) in which all the questions refer to the day when the enumeration is to commence; the first Monday in August next. Your assistants will thereby understand that they are to insert in their returns all the persons belonging to the family on the first Monday in August, even those who may be deceased at the time when they take the account; and, on the other hand, that they will not include in it, infants born after that day. This, though not prescribed in express terms by the act, is the undoubted intention of the legislature, as manifested by the clause, providing that every person shall be recorded as of the family in which he or she shall reside on the first Monday in August.

It will be necessary to remember, that the numbers in the columns of free white males between 16 and 18-foreigners not naturalized-persons engaged in agriculture, persons engaged in commerce, persons engaged in manufactures must not be added to the general aggregates, of which the sum total is to be opposed. All the persons included within these columns must necessarily be included also in one of the other columns. Those, for instance, between 16 and 18, will all be repeated in the column of those between 16 and 26. The foreigners not naturalized, and those engaged in the three principal walks of life, will also be included in the columns embracing their respective ages. In the printed form of a schedule herewith enclosed, the description at the top of these columns is printed, in italics, and the division lines between the columns themselves are double ruled, with a view to distinguish them from the other columns, the sums of which are to go to the general aggregate. In preparing their schedules from this form, your assistants will find it useful, for convenience and accuracy, to distinguish thosecolumns, by ruling them with red ink, or in some other manner, which may keep them separate from the others, by a sensible impression constantly operating upon the mind.

The discrimination between persons engaged in agriculture, commerce, and manufactures, will not be without its difficulties. No inconsiderable portion of the population will probably be found, the individuals of which being asked, to which of those classes they belong, will answer, to all three. Yet, it is obviously not the intention of the legislature that any one individual should be included in more than one of them-of those whose occupations are exclusively agricultural or commercial, there can seldom arise a question, and in the column of manufactures will be included not only all the persons employed in what the act more specifically dominates manufacturing establishments, but all those artificers, handcraftsmen, and mechanics whose labor is preeminently of the hand, and not upon the field.

By persons engaged in agriculture, commerce, or manufactures, your assistants will understand that they are to insert in those columns, not whole families, including infants and superannuated persons, but only those thus engaged by actual occupation. This construction is given to the act, because it is believed to be best adapted to fulfill the intentions of the legislature, and because, being susceptible of the other, it might be differently construed by different persons employed in the enumeration and thus destroy the uniformity of returns, essential to a satisfactory result.

Besides this enumeration of manufactures, the marshals and their assistants are required, by the tenth section of the act to take an account of the several manufacturing establishments and their manufactures, within their several districts, territories, and divisions; and the meaning of the legislature, by this provision, is illustrated by the clause in the oaths of the marshals and assistants, that they will take an account of the manufactures, except household manufactures, from which it seems fairly deducible, that, in the intention of the legislature, persons employed only upon household manufactures are not to be included in the column of persons bearing that denomination, the occupation of manufacturing being, in such cases, only incidental, and not the profession properly marking the class of society to which such individual belongs.

This then, offers a criterion by which your assistants may select the column of occupation to which each individual may be set down; namely, to that which is the principal and not the occasional, or incidental, occupation of his life.

The more particular the account of manufactures can be made, the more satisfactory will the returns prove. Among the papers enclosed is an alphabetical list of manufactures (No. 6), which may facilitate the labor of your assistants, but which they will not consider as complete. It is intended merely to give a direction to their inquiries, and each of them will add to it every manufacture not included in it and of which he takes an account within his division. A printed form (No. 7) is likewise enclosed, of inquiries to be made in relation to manufacturing establishments, on a sheet of paper, upon which the information requested may be written and returned. In every case when it can be conveniently done, your assistant will do well to give this form to some person principally concerned in the manufacturing establishment, requesting him to give the information desired himself.

The execution of the fifth section of the act requires the further interrogatories, whether any person, whose usual abode was in the family on the first Monday of August, 1820, be absent there from at the time of the inquiry made: and, if so, the sex, age, color, and condition, of such person are to be asked, and marked in the proper column, in the return of the family. It follows, of course, that any person who, at the time of taking the number of any family, has his usual abode in it, is, nevertheless, not to be included in the return of that family, if his usual place of abode was, on the first Monday of August, in another family. The name of every person having no settled place of residence, is to be inserted in the columns of the schedule allotted for the heads of families in the division where such person shall be on the first Monday of August.

The execution of the fifth section of the act requires the further interrogatories, whether any person, whose usual abode was in the family on the 1st day of June, 1830, be absent therefrom at the time of making the inquiry, and if so, the sex, age, color, and condition, are to be asked and marked in the proper column, in the return of the family. It follows, of course, that any person, who, at the time of taking the enumeration of any family, has his abode in it, is, nevertheless, not to be included in the return of that family, if his usual place of abode, was, on the 1st day of June, in another Family. The name of every person, having no settled place of residence, is to be inserted in the column of the schedule, allotted for the heads of families, in the division where such person shall be on the 1st day of June, and of course, also in one of the other columns, according to the age and condition of such person.

To facilitate the labor of your assistants, a printed list of all the interrogatories for enumeration is enclosed (No. 3), in which all the questions refer to the day when the enumeration is to commence-the 1st day of next June. Your assistants will also bear in mind to include all persons of a family (except Indians not taxed) who were members thereof on the 1st day of June, 1830, whether present or not, and not to include any person whose usual abode was not in the family they are enumerating on the said 1st day of June. They will, of course, include such persons as may have deceased after that day, and will not include in it infants born after that day. This, though not prescribed in express terms by the act, is the undoubted intention of the legislature, as manifested by the clause, providing that every person shall be recorded as of the family in which he or she shall reside on the 1st day of June, 1830.

The instructions to enumerators were consistent with those used during the 1830 census.





The 1840 census asked the same questions as the 1830 census. Each head of family was listed and asked:

1. The number of free White males and females, respectively:
   
   - under 5 years
   - 5 to 10 years
   - 10 to 15 years
   - 15 to 20 years
   - 20 to 30 years
   - 30 to 40 years
   - 40 to 50 years
   - 50 to 60 years
   - 60 to 70 years
   - 70 to 80 years
   - 80 to 90 years
   - 90 to 100 years
   - 100 years and upward



2. The number of slaves and free colored persons of each sex, respectively:
   
   - under 10 years
   - 10 to 24 years
   - 24 to 36 years
   - 36 to 55 years
   - 55 to 100 years
   - 100 years and upward



3. The number of White persons and of "slaves and colored persons" who were deaf and dumb aged:
   
   - under 14 years
   - 14 and under 25 years
   - 25 years and upward



4. The number of White persons and "slaves or colored persons" who were blind, respectively



5. The number of White persons who were foreigners not naturalized

The 1850 census saw a dramatic shift in the way information about residents was collected. For the first time, free persons were listed individually instead of by family. There were two questionnaires: one for free inhabitants and one for slaves.

Schedule No. 1 - Free Inhabitants

Listed by column number, enumerators recorded the following information:

1.Number of dwelling house (in order visited)
2.Number of family (in order visited)
3.Name
4.Age
5.Sex
6.Color

This column was to be left blank if a person was White, marked "B" if a person was Black, and marked "M" if a person was Mulatto.

7.Profession, occupation, or trade of each person over 15 years of age
8.Value of real estate owned by person
9.Place of Birth

If a person was born in the United States, the enumerator was to enter the state they were born in. If the person was born outside of the United States, the enumerator was to enter their native country.

10.Was the person married within the last year?
11.Was the person at school within the last year?
12.If this person was over 20 years of age, could they not read and write?
13.Is the person "deaf, dumb, blind, insane, idiotic, pauper, or convict?"

Schedule No. 2 - Slave Inhabitants

Slaves were listed by owner, not individually. Listed by column number, enumerators recorded the following information:

1.Name of owner
2.Number of slave

Each owner's slave was only assigned a number, not a name. Numbering restarted with each new owner

3.Age
4.Sex
5.Color

This column was to be marked with a "B" if the slave was Black and an "M" if they were Mulatto.

6.Listed in the same row as the owner, the number of uncaught escaped slaves in the past year
7.Listed in the same row as the owner, the number of slaves freed from bondage in the past year
8.Is the slave "deaf and dumb, blind, insane, or idiotic?"

(12 1/2" X 17 1/2," printed on two sides with space for 40 entries on each side) The 1850 questionnaire relating to slave inhabitants collected the names of slave owners; number of slaves; the slaves color, sex, age, and whether deaf and dumb, blind, insane, or idiotic; the numbers of fugitives from the state; and the number manumitted.

There were multiple questionnaires used for the 1860 census, including a separate slave questionnaire (which collected the same information as in 1850). Listed by column, the free inhabitant questionnaire collected the following information:

1.Number of dwelling home in order of visitation by the enumerator
2.Number of family in order of visitation by the enumerator
3.Name
4.Age
5.Sex
6.Color

Enumerators could mark "W" for Whites, "B" for Blacks, or "M" for Mulattos.

7.Profession, Occupation, or Trade of each person, male and female, over 15 years of age
8.Value of person's real estate
9.Value of person's personal estate
10.Place of birth

Enumerator could list the state, territory, or country of the person's birth

11.Was the person was married within the last year?
12.Did the person attend school within the last year?
13.If the person was over 20 years of age, could he not read or write?
14.Was the person deaf and dumb, blind, idiotic, pauper, or convict?

(12 1/2" X171/2", printed on both sides with space for 40 entries on each side)



Additional questionnaires were used to collect data on slave inhabitants, mortality, agriculture, products of industry, and social statistics. These questionnaires collected the same information as those in 1850, with a few exceptions.

The instructions to marshals and assistant marshals were virtually identical to those for the 1850 census, with the exception of guidelines for collecting information on a few additional/modified inquiries. There were slight changes in the instructions wording; however, these served only to clarify the 1850 instructions.

For the 1870 census, enumerators recorded demographic information on the following topics, organized by column number:

1.Number of dwelling house, by order of visitation from enumerator
2.Number of family, by order of visitation from enumerator
3.Name
4.Age
5.Sex
6.Color

Enumerators could mark "W" for White, "B" for Black, "M" for Mulatto, "C" for Chinese [a category which included all east Asians], or "I" for American Indian.


7.Profession, occupation, or trade
8.Value of real estate
9.Value of personal estate
10.Place of birth

State or territory of the United States or foreign country

11.Was the person's father of foreign birth?
12.Was the person's mother of foreign birth?
13.If the person was born within the last year, which month?
14.If the person was married within the last year, which month?
15.Did the person attend school within the last year?
16.Can the person not read?
17.Can the person not write?
18.Is the person deaf and dumb, blind, insane, or idiotic?
19.Is the person a male citizen of the United States of 21 years or upwards?
20.Is the person a male citizen of the United States of 21 years or upwards whose right to vote is denied or abridged on grounds other than "rebellion or other crime?"

(12 1/2" X171/2", printed on two sides, space for 40 entries on each side)

Columns 4, 5, and 6 must, in every case, be filled with the age, sex, or color of the person enumerated. No return will be accepted when these spaces are left blank.

Upon the answers to the questions under this head will depend the distribution of representative power in the General Government. It is therefore imperative that this part of the enumeration should be performed with absolute accuracy. Every male person born within the United States, who has attained the age of 21 years, is a citizen of the United States by the force of the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution; also, all persons born out of the limits and jurisdiction of the United States, whose fathers at the time of their birth were citizens of the United States (act of February 10,1855); also, all persons born out of the limits and jurisdiction of the United States, who have been declared by judgment of court to have been duly naturalized, having taken out both "papers."

The part of the enumerators duty which relates to column 19 is therefore easy, but it is none the less of importance. It is a matter of more delicacy to obtain the information required by column 20. Many persons never try to vote, and therefore do not know whether their right to vote is or is not abridged. It is not only those whose votes have actually been challenged, and refused at the polls for some disability or want of qualification, who must be reported in this column; but all who come within the scope of any State law denying or abridging suffrage to any class or individual on any other ground than the participation in rebellion, or legal conviction of crime. Assistant marshals, therefore, will be required carefully to study the laws of their own States in these respects, and to satisfy themselves, in the case of each male citizen of the United States above the age of 21 years, whether he does not, come within one of these classes.

As the fifteenth amendment to the Constitution, prohibiting the exclusion from the suffrage of any person on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude, has become the law of the land, all State laws working such exclusion have ceased to be of virtue. If any person is, in any State, still practically denied the right to vote by reason of any such State laws not repealed, that denial is merely an act of violence, of which the courts may have cognizance, but which does not come within the view of marshals and their assistants in respect to the census.

For the 1880 census, enumerators asked residents questions across several categories, including occupation, health, education, and nativity. Listed by column number, the following information was gathered:

1.Number of dwelling home, in order of visitation by the enumerator
2.Number of family, in order of visitation by the enumerator
3.Name
4.Color

Enumerators were to mark "W" for White, "B" for Black, "Mu" for Mulatto, "C" for Chinese [a category which included all east Asians], of "I" for American Indian

5.Sex
6.Age
7.If the person was born within the census year, what was the month?
8.Relationship to the head of the family
9.Is the person single?
10.Is the person married?
11.Is the person widowed or divorced?

Enumerators were to mark "W" for widowed and "D" for divorced

12.Was the person married within the census year?
13.Profession, occupation, or trade
14.Number of months the person had been employed within the census year
15.Was, on the day of the enumerator's visit, the person was sick or disabled so as to be unable to attend to ordinary business or duties? If so, what was the sickness or disability?
16.Was the person blind?
17.Was the person deaf and dumb?
18.Was the person idiotic?
19.Was the person insane?
20.Was the person maimed, crippled, bedridden, or otherwise disabled?
21.Had the person attended school in the past year?
22.Can the person not read?
23.Can the person not write?
24.What was the person's place of birth?
25.What was the person's father's place of birth?
26.What was the person's mother's place of birth?

This is the population or family schedule. Upon it is to be entered, as previously noted, the name of every man, woman, and child, who, on the 1st day of June, 1880, shall have his or her "usual place of abode" within the enumerators districts . No child born between the 1st day of June, 1880, and the day of the enumerators visit (say June 5 or 15 or 25) is to be entered upon the schedule. On the other hand, every person who was a resident of the district upon the 1st day of June, 1880, but between that date and the day of the enumerators visit shall have died, should be entered on the schedule precisely as if still living. The object of the schedule is to obtain a list of the inhabitants on the 1st day of June, 1880, and all changes after that date, whether in the nature of gain or of loss, are to be disregarded in the enumeration.

All soldiers of the United States Army, civilian employees, and other residents at posts or on military reservations, will be enumerated in the same manner as has been provided for institutions, by the appointment of a special resident enumerator; and in all such cases where the district enumerator has been so notified such posts or military reservations should not be included as a part of his district. For posts not garrisoned, and any other posts not so withdrawn, the district enumerator will make the necessary inquiries, and if no special enumerator has been appointed he will include the residents of such posts as a part of his district equally with other elements of the population.

In a similar way all sailors and marines stationed on vessels, and at the United States navy yards, as well as resident officers, with their families, will be specially enumerated, and need not be taken by the district enumerator if, upon inquiry or by notification, he knows that such special provision has been made.

The law provides that the Superintendent of Census may employ special agents or other means to make an enumeration of all Indians living within the jurisdiction of the United States, with such information as to their condition as may be obtainable, classifying them as to Indians taxed and Indians not taxed.

By the phrase "Indians not taxed" is meant Indians living on reservations under the care of Government agents or roaming individually or in bands over unsettled tracts of country.

Indians not in tribal relations, whether full-bloods or half-breeds, who are found mingled with the white population, residing in white families, engaged as servants or laborers, or living in huts or wigwams on the outskirts of towns or settlements, are to be regarded as a part of the ordinary population of the country, and are to be embraced by the enumeration.

The enumeration of Indians living on reservations will be made by special agents appointed directly from this office, and supervisors and enumerators will have no responsibility in this connection.

Many Indians, however, have voluntarily abandoned their tribal relations or have quit their reservations and now sustain themselves. When enumerators find Indians off of or living away from reservations, and in no [ways] dependent upon the agency or Government, such Indians, in addition to their enumeration on the population and supplemental schedules, in the same manner as for the population generally, should be noted on a special schedule [7-917] by name, tribe, sex, age, occupation, and whether taxed or not taxed.

The object of this is to obtain an accurate census of all Indians living within the jurisdiction of the United States and to prevent double enumeration of certain Indians.

Where Indians are temporarily absent from their reservations the census enumerators need not note them, as the special enumeration for Indian reservation will get their names.

The schedule adopted for the enumeration of the population is what is known as the family schedule; that is, a separate schedule for each family, without regard to the number of persons in the family. Three forms of this schedule are provided for the use of enumerators, according as the families to be enumerated are made up of a large or small number of persons.

The single-sheet schedules [7-566a] are provided for use in enumerating families containing from 1 to 10 persons, the double-sheet schedules [7-556b] for use in enumerating families containing more than 10 but not over 20 persons, and the additional sheets [7-556C] for use in enumerating families containing more than 20 persons. In the case of large families, boarding houses, lodging houses, hotels, institutions, schools, etc., containing more than 20 persons use the double sheet for 1 to 20 persons, and such number of the additional sheets as may be necessary. Wherever the additional sheets are used, be careful to write on each sheet, in the spaces provided therefore, the number of the supervisor's district, enumeration district, dwelling house, and family, and also the name of the institution, school, etc., as the case may be. Also, at the heads of the columns in which the information concerning the several persons enumerated is entered, fill in the "tens" figures on the dotted lines preceding the printed unit figures, and continue to number the columns consecutively, as 21, 22, etc., until all persons in the family have been enumerated.

Upon one or the other of these forms of the population schedule, according to the size of the family to be enumerated, is to be entered the name of every man, woman, and child who on the 1st day of June, 1890, shall have his or her usual place of abode within the enumerators district. No child born between the 1st day of June, 1890, and the day of the enumerators visit (say June 5, June 15, etc., as the case may be) is to be entered upon the schedule. On the other hand, every person who was a resident of the district upon the 1st day of June, 1890, but between that date and the day of the enumerators visit shall have died, should be entered on the schedule precisely as if still living. The object of the schedule is to obtain a list of the inhabitants on the 1st of June, 1890, and all changes after that date, whether in the nature of gain or loss, are to be disregarded in the enumeration.

In answering the several inquiries on the population and other schedules the space provided for each answer should be filled by a definite statement or a symbol used to denote either that the inquiry is not applicable to the person for whom the answers are being made or that the information cannot be obtained. In all cases where the inquiry is not applicable use the following symbol: (X). If for any reason it is not possible to obtain answers to inquiries which are applicable to the person enumerated, use the following symbol to denote this fact: (=). The enumerator must bear in mind, however, that where he has every reason to suppose that he can supply the answer himself it is better than the symbol; and in any case the symbol should not be used until he has made every effort to ascertain the proper answer from the persons in the family or in the neighborhood, as required by law.

Illustrative examples of the manner of filling the population and the use of these symbols are contained in printed sheets which are supplied to enumerators.

The first thing to be entered at the head of each schedule is the number of the supervisor's district and of the enumeration district in which the work is performed. These numbers must be repeated for each family enumerated, and where additional sheets are used these numbers are to be carried to those sheets, as already stated.

Be careful to enter accurately the name of the city, town, township, precinct, etc., and distinguish carefully between the population of villages within townships and the remainder of such townships. The correct enumeration of the population of these minor civil divisions is especially important, and is of interest in the presentation in the printed reports of details concerning these small bodies of population. So far as possible, also, the population of small unincorporated villages and hamlets should be separately reported. Also enter at the head of each schedule, in the spaces provided therefore, the name of the county and State or Territory in which the minor subdivision is located. In cities the street, street number, and ward should be entered in the proper spaces, and in those cities where special sanitary districts have been established for the purposes of the census enumeration the letters used to designate them should be added in some convenient space at the head of each schedule and encircled thus: (A), (B), (C), etc., according to the special letters used to distinguish these sanitary districts.

Inquiries 13, 14, and 15 should be made concerning only those adult males of foreign birth who are 21 years of age or over.

Be careful to distinguish between the farm laborer, the farmer, and farm overseer; also between the plantation laborer, the planter, and plantation overseer. These three classes must be kept distinct, and each occupation separately returned.

Do not confuse the agricultural laborer, who works on the farm or plantation, with the general or day laborer, who works on the road or at odd jobs in the village or town. Distinguish also between woodchoppers at work regularly in the woods or forests and the laborer, who takes a job occasionally at chopping wood.

Make a separate return for farmers and planters who own, hire, or carry on a farm or plantation, and for gardeners, fruit growers, nurserymen, florists, vine growers, etc., who are engaged in raising vegetables for market or in cultivation of fruit, flowers, seeds, nursery products, etc. In the latter case, if a man combines two or more of these occupations, be careful to so state it, as florist, nurseryman, and seed grower.

Avoid the confusion of the garden laborer, nursery laborer, etc., who hires out his services, with the proprietor gardener, florist, nurseryman, etc., who carries on the business himself or employs others to assist him.

Return as dairymen or dairywoman those persons whose occupation in connection with the farm has to do chiefly with the dairy. Do not confuse them with employees of butter and cheese or condensed milk factories, who should be separately returned by some distinctive term.

Return stock herders and stock drovers separately from stock raisers.

Do not include lumbermen, raftsmen, log drivers, etc., engaged in hauling or transporting lumber (generally by water) from the forest to the mill, with the employees of lumber yards or lumber mills.

For fishermen and oystermen describe the occupation as accurately as possible. Be careful to avoid the return of fishermen on vessels as sailors. If they gain their living by fishing, they should be returned as "fishermen," and not as sailors.

Make a careful distinction between the coal miners and miners of ores; also between miners generally and quarrymen. State the kind of ore mined or stone quarried.
Do not return proprietors or officials of mining or quarrying companies as miners or quarrymen, but state their business or official position accurately.

This class includes actors, artists and teachers of art, clergymen, dentists, designers, draftsmen, engravers, civil engineers, and surveyors, mechanical and mining engineers, government clerks and officials, journalists, lawyers, musicians and teachers of music, physicians, surgeons, professors (in colleges and universities), teachers (in schools), and other pursuits of a professional nature. Specify each profession in detail, according to the fact. These are cited simply as illustrations of these classes of pursuits.

Distinguish between actors, theatrical managers, and showmen.

Make a separate return for government clerks occupying positions under the National, State, county, city, or town governments from clerks in offices, stores, manufacturing establishments, etc.; also distinguish government officials.

Return veterinary surgeons separately from other surgeons.

Distinguish journalists, editors, and reporters from authors and other literary persons who do not follow journalism as a distinct profession.

Return separately chemists, assayers, metallurgists, and other scientific persons.

Among this class of occupations are comprised hotel keepers, boarding-house keepers, restaurant keepers, saloon keepers, and bartenders; housekeepers, cooks, and servants (in hotels, boarding houses, hospitals, institutions, private families, etc.); barbers and hairdressers; city, town, and general day laborers; janitors, sextons, and undertakers; nurses and midwives; watchmen, policemen, and detectives. Specify each occupation or kind of service rendered in detail, according to the fact. The above are given only as examples of the occupations which would naturally be included under this general class of work.

Distinguish carefully between housekeepers, or women who receive a stated wage or salary for their services, and housewives, or women who keep house for their own families or for themselves, without any gainful occupation. The occupation of grown daughters who assist in the household duties without fixed remuneration should be returned as "Housework-without pay."

As stated under agricultural pursuits, do not confuse day laborers, at work for the city, town, or at odd jobs, with agricultural laborer, at work on the farm or plantation or in the employ of gardeners, nurserymen, etc. State specifically the kind of work done in every instance.

Clerks in hotels, restaurants, and saloons should be so described and carefully distinguished from bartenders. In many instances bartenders will state their occupation as "clerk" in wine store, etc., but the character of the service rendered by such persons will readily determine whether they should be classed as "bartenders" or not.

Stationary engineers and firemen should be carefully distinguished from engineers and firemen employed on locomotives, steamboats, etc.

Soldiers, sailors, and marines enlisted in the service of the United States should be so returned. Distinguish between officers and enlisted men, and for civilian employees return the kind of service performed by them.

Distinguish carefully between real estate agents, insurance agents, claim agents, commission agents, etc. If a person is a real estate agent and also an auctioneer, as is often the case, return his occupation as real estate agent and auctioneer.

Return accountants, bookkeepers, clerks, cashiers, etc., separately, and state the kind of service rendered, as

accountant-insurance; bookkeeper-wholesale dry goods; clerk-gas company; cashier-music store.

Do not confound a clerk with a salesman, as is often done, especially in dry goods stores, grocery stores, and provision stores. Generally speaking, the persons so employed are to be considered as salesmen, unless the bulk of their service is in the office on the books and accounts; otherwise they should be returned as salesman-dry goods; salesman-groceries, etc.

Stenographers and typewriters should be reported separately, and should not be described simply as "clerks." Distinguish carefully between bank clerks, cashiers in banks, and bank officials, describing the particular position filled in each case. In no case should a bank cashier be confounded with cashiers in stores, etc.

Distinguish between foremen and overseers, packers and shippers, porters and helpers, and errand, office, and messenger boys in stores, etc., and state in each case the character of the duties performed by them, as foreman wholesale wool house; packer-crockery; porter-rubber goods; errand boy-dry goods; messenger boy-telegraph.

State the kind of merchants and dealers, as dry goods merchant, wood and coal dealer, etc. Whenever a single word will express the business carried on, as grocer, it should be so stated.

In the case of hucksters and peddlers also state the kind of goods sold, as peddler-tinware. Distinguish traveling salesmen from salesmen in stores, and state the kind of goods sold by them.

Return boarding and livery stable keepers separately from the hostlers and other stable employees.

Distinguish also between expressmen, teamsters, dray-men, and carriage and hack drivers.

Steam railroad employees should be reported separately, according to the nature of their work, as baggagemen, brakemen, conductors, laborers on railroad, locomotive engineers, locomotive firemen, switchmen, yardmen, etc.

Officials of railroad, telegraph express, and other companies should be separately returned and carefully distinguished from the employees of such companies.

Boatmen, canal men, pilots, longshoremen, stevedores, and sailors (on steam or sailing vessels) should be separately returned.

Telegraph operators, telephone operators, telegraph linemen, telephone linemen, electric-light men, etc., should be kept distinct, and a separate return made for each class.

In reporting occupations pertaining to manufactures there are many difficulties in the way of showing the kind of work done rather than the article made or the place worked in. The nature of certain occupations is such that it is well nigh impossible to find properly descriptive terms without the use of some expression relating to the article made or place in which the work is carried on.

Do not accept "maker" of an article or "works in" mill, shop, or factory, but strive always to find out the particular work done. Distinguish between persons who tend machines and the unskilled workman or laborer in mills, factories, and workshops.

Describe the proprietor of the establishment as a "manufacturer," and specify the branch of manufacture, as cotton manufacturer, etc. In no case should a manufacturer be returned as a "maker" of an article.

In the case of apprentices, state the trade to which apprenticed, as apprentice-carpenter, etc.

Distinguish between butchers, whose business is to slaughter cattle, swine, etc., and provisions dealers, who sell meats only.

Distinguish also between glover, hatter, or furrier who actually make or make up in their own establishments all or part of the gloves, hats, or furs which they sell, and the person who simply deals in but does not make these articles. Do not use the words "factory operative," but specify in every instance the kind of work done, as cotton mill spinner; silk mill weaver, etc.

Do not describe a person in a printing office as a "printer" where a more expressive term can be used, as compositor, pressman, press feeder, etc.

Make the proper distinction between a clock or watch "maker" and a clock or watch "repairer." Do not apply the word "jeweler" to those who make watches, watch chains, or jewelry in large establishments.

Avoid in all cases the use of the word "mechanic," and state whether a carpenter, mason, house painter, machinist, plumber, etc.

Do not say "finisher," "molder," "polisher," etc., but state the article finished, molded, or polished, as brass finisher, iron molder, steel polisher, etc.

Distinguish between cloakmakers, dressmakers, seamstresses, tailoresses, etc. In the case of sewing-machine operators, specify the work done.

When a lawyer, merchant, manufacturer, etc., has retired from practice or business, say retired lawyer, retired merchant, etc.

The distinction to be made between housewives, housekeepers, and those assisting in housework has already been stated under "Domestic and Personal Service." For the large body of persons, particularly young women, who live at home and do nothing, make the return as "No occupation." With respect to infants and children too young to take any part in production or to be engaged in any state occupation, distinguish between those at home and those attending school. For those too young to go to school, or who for some reason did not attend school during the census year, write the words "At home," and for those who attended school during some part of the school year write the words, "At school-public," or "At school-private," according to the kind of school. If taught by a governess or tutor, it should be so stated. The student at college or engaged in special studies should be reported separately from scholars in public or private schools.

The doing of domestic errands or family chores out of school hours, where a child regularly attends school, should not be considered an occupation. But if a boy or girl, whatever the age, is earning money regularly by labor, contributing to the family support, or appreciably assisting in mechanical or agricultural industry, the kind of work performed should be stated.

For 1900, the Census Office dropped the "family questionnaire" form style and reverted to filling entire sheets of information on residents. The informations gathered by enumerators for the 1900 census, organized by column, is:

General Population Schedule

1.Number of dwelling home in order of visitation by enumerator
2.Number of family in order of visitation by enumerator
3.Name
4.Relation to head of the family
5.Color or Race

Enumerators were to mark "W" for White, "B" for Black, "Ch" for Chinese, "Jp" for Japanese, or "In" for American Indian.

6.Sex
7.Date of Birth
8.Age
9.Was the person single, married, widowed, or divorced?
10.How many years has the person been married?
11.For mothers, how many children has the person had?
12.How many of those children are living?
13.What was the person's place of birth?
14.What was the person's father's place of birth?
15.What was the person's mother's place of birth?
16.What year did the person immigrate to the United States?
17.How many years has the person been in the United States?
18.Is the person naturalized?
19.Occupation, trade, or profession
20.How many months has the person not been employed in the past year?
21.How many months did the person attend school in the past year?
22.Can the person read?
23.Can the person write?
24.Can the person speak English?
25.Is the person's home owned or rented?
26.If it is owned, is the person's home owned free or mortgaged?
27.Does the person live in a farm or in a house?
28.If a person lived on a farm, the enumerator was to write that farm's identification number on its corresponding agricultural questionnaire in this column

Indian Population Schedule

29.Indian Name
30.Tribe of this person
31.Tribe of this person's father
32.Tribe of this person's mother
33.Fraction of person's lineage that is white
34.Is this person living in polygamy?
35.Is this person taxed?

An American Indian was considered "taxed" if he or she was detached from his or her tribe and was living in the White community and subject to general taxation, or had been alloted land by the federal government and thus acquired citizenship.

36.If this person has acquired American citizenship, what year?
37.Did this person acquire citizenship by receiving an allotment of land from the federal government?
38.Is this person's house "movable" or "fixed?"

Enumerators were to mark "movable" if the person lived in a tent, tepee, or other temporary structure; they were to mark "fixed" if he or she lived in a permanent dwelling of any kind.

(19 1/2" X185/8", printed on two sides, space for 50 entries on each side; reverse side was identical except for line numbers).

(19 1/2" X183/4", printed on two sides, space for 20 entries on each side, reverse side contained continuation of instructions. The top of the questionnaire contained questions 1-28 which were identical with those on the general schedule)

The 1900 Indian schedule collected the following information in addition to that of the general population schedule: Other name, if any; name of Indian tribe; tribal affiliation of mother and father; whether of full or mixed blood; whether living in polygamy; whether taxed; year of acquiring citizenship and whether acquired by allotment; whether living in a fixed or moveable dwelling.

The 1910 census questionnaire was similar in design to that used in 1900. The most notable change was the late addition, at the behest of Congress, of a question concerning a person's "mother tongue." It was so late, in fact, that questionnaires for the census had already been printed. Information on "mother tongues" was to be added into "nativity" columns 12, 13, and 14. The following information, listed by column number, was gathered from each resident:

General Population Schedule

1.Number of dwelling house in order of enumeration
2.Number of family in order of enumeration
3.Name
4.Relationship to head of the family
5.Sex
6.Color or Race

Enumerators were to enter "W" for White, "B" for Black, "Mu" for mulatto, "Ch" for Chinese, "Jp" for Japanese, "In" for American Indian, or "Ot" for other races.

7.Age
8.Is the person single, married, widowed, or divorced?

Enumerators were to enter "S" for single, "Wd" for widowed, "D" for divorced, "M1" for married persons in their first marriage, and "M2" for those married persons in their second or subsequent marriage.

9.Number of years of present marriage
10.How many children is the person the mother of?
11.Of the children a person has mothered, how many are still alive?
12.Place of birth of the person
13.Place of birth of the person's father
14.Place of birth of the person's mother
15.Year of immigration to the United States
16.Is the person naturalized or an alien?
17.Can the person speak English? If not, what language does the person speak?
18.The person's trade, profession, or occupation
19.General nature of the industry, business, or establishment in which this person works
20.Is the person an employer, employee, or working on his own account?
21.If the person is an employee, was he out of work on April 15, 1910?
22.If the person is an employee, what is the number of weeks he was out of work in 1909?
23.Can the person read?
24.Can the person write?
25.Has the person attended school at any time since September, 1909?
26.Is the person's home owned or rented?
27.Is the person's home owned free or mortgaged?
28.Does the person reside in a home or on a farm?
29.If on a farm, what is the farm's identification number on the census farm schedule?
30.Is the person a survivor of the Union or Confederate Army or Navy?
31.Is the person blind in both eyes?
32.Is the person deaf and dumb?

Indian Population Schedule

Enumerators asked those listed on the Indian population schedule the following additional questions, listed by column number:

33.Tribe of this person
34.Tribe of this person's father
35.Tribe of this person's mother
36.Proportion of this person's lineage that is American Indian
37.Proportion of this person's lineage that is white
38.Proportion of this person's lineage that is black
39.Number of times married
40.Is this person living in polygamy?
41.If this person is living in polygamy, are his wives sisters?
42.If this person graduated from an educational institution, which one?
43.Is this person a taxed?

An American Indian was considered "taxed" if he or she was detached from his or her tribe and was living in the white community and subject to general taxation, or had been alloted land by the federal government and thus acquired citizenship.

44.If this person had received an allotment of land from the government, what was the year of that allotment?
45.Is this person residing on his or her own land?
46.Is this person living in a "civilized" or "aboriginal" dwelling?

Enumerators were to mark "Civ." (for "civilized") if the person was living in a log, frame, brick, or stone house, etc. and "Abor." (for "aboriginal") if the person was living in a tent, tepee, cliff dwelling, etc.

(23" X 16" , printed on two sides, space for 50 entries on each side, reverse side identical except for line numbers). After the schedules were printed, a question was added concerning the "mother tongue" of the foreign born. The responses were to be entered, as appropriate, in columns 12, 13, and 14. See instructions under "Nativity and Mother Tongue."

(23" X16", printed on two sides, space for 20 entries on each side, reverse side contained continuation of instructions. The top of the questionnaire contained questions 1-28 which were identical with those on the general schedule.)

The 1920 census questionnaire was similar, but slightly shorter, than its counterpart from 1910. "Place of abode" replaced "dwelling house" as the general term for a person's residence. There was no separate schedule for American Indians. Enumerators collected the following information from residents, organized by column:

1. Street of person's place of abode

Enumerators were to write the name of the street vertically in the column, so that they only had to write it once for all of the enumerated persons living on that street

2. House number or farm
3. Number of dwelling house in order of visitation by enumerator
4. Number of family in order of visitation by enumerator
5. Name
6. Relationship to head of family
7. Is the person's home owned or rented?
8. If owned, is it owned freely or mortgaged?
9. Sex
10. Color or race

Enumerators were to enter "W" for White, "B" for Black, "Mu" for mulatto, "Ch" for Chinese, "Jp" for Japanese, "In" for American Indian, or "Ot" for other races.

11. Age at last birthday
12. Single, married, widowed, or divorced?

Enumerators were to enter "S" for single, "Wd" for widowed, "D" for divorced, "M1" for married persons in their first marriage, and "M2" for those married persons in their second or subsequent marriage.

13. Year of immigration to the United States
14. Is the person naturalized or alien?
15. If naturalized, what was the year of naturalization?
16. Did the person attend school at any time since September 1, 1919?
17. Can the person read?
18. Can the person write?
19. Person's place of birth
20. Person's mother tongue
21. Person's father's place of birth
22. Person's father's mother tongue
23. Person's mother's place of birth
24. Person's mother's mother tongue
25. Can the person speak English?
26. Person's trade or profession
27. Industry, business, or establishment in which the person works
28. Is the person an employer, a salary or wage worker, or working on his own account?
29. If the person is a farmer, what is the farm's identification number on the corresponding farm schedule?

Originapard (23" X16", printed on two sides, space for 50 entries on each side; reverse side was identical except that lines were numbered 50 to 100). Similar schedules were printed for use in Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico (in Spanish), but had space for only 25 entries on each side (23" X10 1/2").

A population schedule for "Military and Naval Population, Etc., Abroad" was identical in size and content with the principal schedule except for a simplified occupation inquiry and the additional requests for rank and for the U.S. address of each person enumerated. There was no Indian schedule for 1920.

Except for detailed rules for house-to-house canvassing and for applying the "usual place of abode" criterion ("the place persons may be said to live or belong, or the place which is their home. . .where a person regularly sleeps") in determining whether or not to list someone, the enumerators instructions for 1920 were substantially the same as for 1910. Age for children under 5 years was to be reported in complete years and months.

For the 1930 census, the population questionnaire was basically the same as it had been in 1910 and 1920.

The biggest change was in racial classification. Enumerators were instructed to no longer use the "Mulatto" classification. Instead, they were given special instructions for reporting the race of interracial persons.

A person with both White and Black lineage was to be recorded as Black, no matter fraction of that lineage. A person of mixed Black and American Indian lineage was also to be recorded as Black, unless he was considered to be "predominantly" American Indian and accepted as such within the community.

A person with both White and American Indian lineage was to be recorded as an Indian, unless his American Indian lineage was very small and he was accepted as white within the community. In fact, in all situations in which a person had White and some other racial lineage, he was to be reported as that other race. Persons who had minority interracial lineages were to be reported as the race of their father.

For the first and only time, "Mexican" was listed as a race. Enumerators were to record all persons who had been born in Mexico or whose parents had been born in Mexico and who did not fall into another racial category as "Mexican."
Enumerators collected the following information, listed by column number:

Population Schedule

1.Street the enumerated person lives on
2.House number of enumerated person (in cities and towns)
3.Number of dwelling house in order of visitation by enumerator
4.Number of family in order of visitation by enumerator
5.Name
6.Relationship to head of family
7.Is the person's home owned or rented?
8.If the home is owned, is it owned free or mortgaged?
9.Does this person live on a farm NOW?
10.Did this person live on a farm A YEAR AGO?
11.Sex
12.Color or Race

Enumerators were to enter "W" for white, "Neg" for black, "Mex" for Mexican, "In" for American Indian, "Ch" for Chinese, "Jp" for Japanese, "Fil" for Filipino, "Hin" for Hindu, and "Kor" for Korean. All other races were to be written out in full.

13.Age
14.Is the person single, married, divorced, or widowed?
15.Has the person attended school at any time since Sept. 1, 1929?
16.Can the person read and write?
17.Person's place of birth
18.Person's father's place of birth
19.Person's mother's place of birth
20.Year of immigration into the United States
21.Is the person naturalized or an alien?
22.Is the person able to speak English?
23.Trade, profession, or particular kind of work done?
24.Industry or business in which at work
25.Is person an Employee (E), wage or salary worker (W), or own account (O)?
26.Whether the person is actually at work?
27.Record line number for unemployed
28.Whether the person is a veteran of the U.S. military or naval forces mobilized for any war or expedition?
29.If yes, which war or expedition?
Enumerators were to enter "WW" for World War I, "Sp" for the Spanish-American War, "Civ" for the Civil War, "Phil" for the Phillipine insurrection, "Box" for the Boxer rebellion, or "Mex" for the Mexican expedition.

30.Number of farm schedule

Census of Unemployment

Enumerators were instructed to fill out an additional questionnaire for all gainful workers who were not at work the on the workday before enumeration. This special schedule collected the following information, organized by column number:

1.Date of enumeration
2.Sheet number of person's corresponding population schedule entry
3.Line number of person's corresponding population schedule entry
4.Name
5.Does this person usually work at a gainful occupation?
6.Does this person usually have a job of any kind?

If this person has a job...

7.How many weeks since he has worked at that job?
8.Why was he not at work yesterday (or the last regular workday)?

Enumerators were instructed to be as specific as possible. A list of examples provided to enumerators included: "sickness," "was laid off," "voluntary lay-off," "bad weather," "lack of materials," "strike," etc.

9.Does he lose a day's pay by not being at work?
10.How many days did he work last week?
11.How many days does he work in a full-time week?

If this person has no job of any kind...

12.Is he able to work?
13.Is he looking for a job?
14.For how many weeks has he been without a job?
15.Reason for being out of a job

Enumerators were instructed to be as specific as possible. A list of examples provided to enumerators included: "plant closed down," "sickness," "off season," "job completed," "machines introduced," "strike," etc.

Supplemental Schedule for Indian Population

The additional questions asked of American Indians were much less numerous than in past censuses. The following information, listed by column number, was collected:

1.Sheet number of person's corresponding population schedule entry
2.Line number of person's corresponding population schedule entry
3.Name
4.Sex
5.Age
6.Is the person of full American Indian or mixed lineage?
7.Tribe
8.Person's Post Office address
9.Agency where the person is enrolled

(23 3/4" x 16 1/2" , printed on both sides, space for 50 entries on each side; reverse side was identical except that lines were numbered 50 to 100

(18" X111/2", printed on two sides, space for 30 entries on each side, reverse side identical except that lines were numbered 31 to 60, yellow stock.)

Schedule No. 1 Population.

State ________, Incorporated place ________. Ward of city _________; Unincorporated place
[Name of unincorporated place having 100 or more inhabitants] _______________________.
County _______________. Township or other division of county ________________________.
Block Nos. ___________; Institution [Name of institution and lines on which entries are made] _________________________________.

Location:
1. Street, avenue, road, etc.
2. House number (in cities or towns).

Household Data:
3. Number of household in order of visitation.
4. Home owned (O) or rented (R).
5. Value of home, if owned, or monthly rental, if rented.
6. Does this household live on a farm?
(Yes or No).
7. Name of each person whose usual place of residence on April 1, 1940, was in this household. Be sure to include:

1. Persons temporarily absent from house-hold. Write "Ab" after names of such persons.
2. Children under 1 year of age. Write "Infant"if child has not been given a first name. Enter X after name of person furnishing information.

8. Relationship of this person to the head of the household, as wife, daughter, father, mother-in-law, grandson, lodger, lodgers wife, servant, hired hand, etc..

Personal Description:
9. Sex Male (M), Female (F).
10. Color or race.
11. Age at last birthday.
12. Marital status Single (S), Married (M), Widowed (Wd), Divorced (D).

Education:
13. Attended school or college any time since March 1, 1940.
14. Highest grade of school completed.

Place of Birth:
15. If born in the United States, give State, Territory, or possession. If foreign born, give country in which birthplace was situated on January 1, 1937. Distinguish Canada-French from Canada-English and Irish Free State (Eire) from Northern Ireland.
16. Citizenship of the foreign born.

Residence, April 1, 1935:
In what place did this person live on April 1, 1935? For a person who, on April 1, 1935, was living in the same house as at present, enter in Col. 17 "Same house," and for one living in a different house but in the same city or town, enter "Same place," leaving Cols. 18, 19, and 20 blank, in both instances. For a person who lived in a different place, enter city or town, county, and State, as directed in the Instructions. (Enter actual place of residence, which may differ from mail address.)
17. City, town, or village having 2,500 or more inhabitants. Enter "R" for all other places.
18. County.
19. State (or Territory or foreign country).
20. On a farm? (Yes or No).


Persons 14 Years Old and Over
Employment Status:

21.Was this person AT WORK for pay or profit in private or nonemergency Govt. work during week of March 24-30? (Yes or No).
22. If not, was he at work on, or assigned to, public EMERGENCY WORK (WPA, NYA, CCC, etc.) during week of March 24-30? (Yes or No).
If neither at work nor assigned to public emergency work. ("No" in Cols. 21 and 22).
23. Was this person SEEKING WORK?
(Yes or No).
24. If not seeking work, did he HAVE A JOB, business, etc.? (Yes or No).
25. Indicate whether engaged in home house-work (H), in school (S), unable to work (U), or other (Ot).
26. Number of hours worked during week of March 24-30, 1940.
If seeking work or assigned to public emergency work. ("Yes" in Col. 22 or 23).
27. Duration of unemployment up to March 30, 1940 in weeks.

Occupation, Industry and Class of Worker:
For a person at work, assigned to public emergency work, or with a job ("Yes" in Col. 21, 22, or 24), enter present occupation, industry, and class of worker. For a person seeking work ("Yes" in Col. 23):
a) If he has previous work experience, enter last occupation, industry, and class of worker; or
b) If he does not have previous work experience, enter "New worker" in Col. 28, and leave Cols. 29 and 30 blank.
28. Occupation: Trade, profession, or particular kind of work, as frame spinner, salesman, rivet heater ,music teacher.
29. Industry: Industry or business, as cotton mill, retail grocery, farm, shipyard, public school.
30. Class of worker.
31. Number of weeks worked in 1939 (Equivalent full-time weeks).

Income in 1939
(12 months ended December 31, 1939):
32. Amount of money wages or salary received (including commissions).
33. Did this person receive income of $50 or more from sources other than money wages or salary (Yes or No).
34. Number of farm schedule.

Supplementary Questions 33-50 asked only of a 5% sample of the population, for persons 14 years old and over. (For persons enumerated on lines 14 and 29).
35. Name.

Place of Birth of Father and Mother:
If born in the United States, give State, Territory, or possession. If foreign born, give country in which birthplace was situated on January 1, 1937. Distinguish Canada-French from Canada-English and Irish Free State (Eire) from Northern Ireland.
36. Father.
37. Mother
38. Language spoken in home in earliest childhood.

Veterans:
Is this person a veteran of the United States military forces; or the wife, widow, or under-18-year-old child of a veteran?
39. If so, enter "Yes."
40. If child, is veteran-father dead? (Yes or No)
41. War or military service.

Social Security:
42. Does this person have a Federal Social Security Number? (Yes or No)
43. Were deductions for Federal Old-Age Insurance or Railroad Retirement made from this persons wages or salary in 1939? (Yes or No)
44. If so, were deductions made from (1) all, (2) one-half or more, (3) part, but less than half, of wages or salary?

Usual Occupation, Industry, and Class of Worker:
Enter that occupation which the person regards as his usual occupation and at which he is physically able to work. If the person is unable to determine this, enter that occupation at which he has worked longest during the past 10 years and at which he is physically able to work. Enter also usual industry and usual class of worker.
45. Usual occupation.
46. Usual industry.
47. Usual class of worker.

For all women who are or have been married:
48. Has this woman been married more than once? (Yes or No)
49. Age at first marriage.
50. Number of children ever born (do not include stillbirths).

(23 3/4" X181/2", printed on two sides, space for 40 entries on each side plus two additional lines for the 5-percent sample questions; reverse side was identical except that lines were numbered 41 to 80, and the sample-line numbers were different.) Similar, but less detailed forms were used outside the continental United States.

(23 1/2" X 19," printed on two sides, space for 15 entries on each side, reverse side identical except that the lines were numbered 16 to 30; yellow stock)

(16" X 19," printed on two sides, space for 15 entries on each side, reverse side identical excerpt that lines were numbered 16 to 30, yellow stock.) "Color or race of head" and "Number of persons in household" (items 3 and 4 on "Occupied-Dwelling Schedule") did not appear on the "Vacant-Dwelling Schedule;" items 8-17 were the same as items 8-17 on the "Occupied Dwelling Schedule;" items 18-31 which appeared on the "Occupied Dwelling Schedule" were omitted from the "Vacant-Dwelling Schedule."

HEADER:

a. State
b. County
c. Incorporated Place or Township
d. E.D.(enumeration district) Number
e. Hotel, large rooming house, institution, military installation, etc. (name, type, line numbers of residents)

-- Line Number
1. Name of street, avenue or road

For Head of Household:

2. House (and apartment) number
3. Serial number of dwelling unit
4. Is this house on a farm (or ranch)?
5. If no in item 4: Is this house on a place of three or more acres?
6. Agriculture Questionnaire Number

For All Persons:

7. Name (last name first):
- What is the name of the head of household?
- What are the names of all other persons who live here?
- List in this order:
- The head
- His wife
- Unmarried sons and daughters and their families (in order of age)
- Married sons and daughters and their families
- Other relatives
- Other persons, such as lodgers, roomers, maids or hired hands who live in, and their relatives

8. Relationship:
Enter relationship of person to head of household, as
Head
Wife
Daughter
Grandson
Mother-in-law
Lodger
Lodger's wife
Maid
Hired hand
Patient, etc.

9. Race:
White (W)
Negro (Neg)
American Indian (Ind)
Japanese (Jap)
Chinese (Chi)
Filipino (Fil)
Other race -- spell out

10. Sex
Male (M)
Female (F)

11. How old was he on his last birthday? (If under one year of age, enter month of birth as April, May, Dec., etc.)

12. Is he now married, widowed, divorced, separated, or never married? (Mar, Wd, D, Sep, Nev)

13. What State (or foreign country) was he born in?

- If born outside Continental United States, enter name of Territory, possession, or foreign country
- Distinguish Canada-French from Canada-other

14. If foreign born:
Is he naturalized? (Yes, No, or AP for born abroad of American parents)

For Persons 14 Years of Age and Over:

15. What was this person doing most of last week: working, keeping house, or something else? (Wk, H, Ot, or U for unable to work)

16. If H or Ot in Item 15:
Did this person do any work at all last week, not counting work around the house? (Include work for pay, in own business, profession, on farm, or unpaid family work) (Yes or No)

17. If No in Item 16:
Was this person looking for work? (See special cases below) (Yes or No)

18. If No in Item 17:
Even though he didn't work last week, does he have a job or business? (Yes or No)

19. If Wk in Item 15 or Yes in Item 14:
How many hours did he work last week? (Include unpaid work on family farm or business) (Number of hours)

20. - If employed (Wk in Item 15, or Yes in Item 16 or Item 18), describe job or business held last week.
- If looking for work (Yes in Item 17), describe last job or business.
- For all other persons, leave blank.

20a. Occupation:
What kind of work was he doing?

20b. Industry:
What kind of business or industry was he working in?

20c. Class of Worker:
P Private employer
G Government
O Own business
NP Without Pay on family farm or business

Occupation/Industry/Class of worker examples:
- Nails heels on shoes/Shoe factory/P
- Chemistry Professor/State Univ./G
- Farmer/Farm/O
- Farm helper/Farm/NP
- Armed forces/ /
- Never worked/ /

THE QUESTIONS BELOW ARE FOR PERSONS LISTED ON SAMPLE LINES:

21. Was he living in this same house a year ago? (check box for Yes or No)

If No in Item 21:

22. Was he living on a farm a year ago? (check box for Yes or No)

23. Was he living in this same county a year ago? (check box for Yes or No)

If No in Item 23:

What county and State was he living in a year ago?

24a. County (If county unknown, enter name of place or nearest place)

24b. State or foreign country

25. What country were his father and mother born in? (Enter US or name of Territory, possession, or foreign country)
Father:
Mother:

26. What is the highest grade of school that he has attended? (Enter one grade --see codes below)

27. Did he finish this grade?
(check box for Yes or No)

28. Has he attended school at any time since February 1st?
- For those under 20 years of age check Yes or No.
- For those 20 years of age and over, check 20 or over.

For Persons 14 Years of Age and Over:

29. If looking for work (Yes in Item 17):
How many weeks has he been looking for work? (Number of weeks)

30. Last year, in how many weeks did this person do any work at all, not counting work around the house? (Number of weeks in 1949 or None)

31. Income received by this person in 1949:

31a. Last year (1949), how much money did he earn working as an employee for wages or salary?
(Enter amount before deductions for taxes, etc. or None)

31b. Last year, how much money did he earn working in his own business, professional practice, or

farm? (Enter net income or None)

31c. Last year, how much money did he receive from interest, dividends, veteran's allowances,

pensions, rents, or other income (aside from earnings)? ($ or None)

32. If this person is a family head (see definition below) -- Income received by his relatives in this

household:

32a. Last year (1949), how much money did hs relatives in this household earn working for wages or salary? (Amount before deductions for taxes, etc. or None)

32b. Last year, how much money did his relatives in this household earn in own business,

professional practice, or farm? (Net income or None)

32c. Last year, how much money did his relatives in this household receive from interest,

dividends, veteran's allowances, pensions, rents, or other income (aside from earnings):

($ or None)

33. If Male (Ask each question):

Did he ever serve in the U.S. Armed Forces during:

33a. World War II

33b. World War I

33c. Any other time, including present service

QUESTIONS FOR THE PERSON WHOSE NAME FELL ON THE LAST SAMPLE LINE:

34. To enumerator: If worked last year (1 or more weeks in Item 30):

Is there any entry in Items 20a, 20b, or 20c?

If Yes: Skip to Item 36
If No: Make entries in Items 35a, 35b, and 35c.

35a. What kind of work did this person do in his last job?

35b. What kind of business or industry did he work in?

35c. Class of worker (P, G, O, or NP, as in Item 20c).

36. If ever married (Mar, Wd, D, or Sep in Item 12):
Has this person been married more than once? (check box for Yes or No)

37. If Mar: How many years since this person was (last) married?
If Wd: How many hears since this person was widowed?
If D: How many years since this person was divorced?
If Sep: How many years since this person was separated?
(Enter number of years or check Less than 1 year.)

38. If female and ever married (Mar, Wd, D, or Sep in Item 12):
How many children has she ever borne, not counting stillbirths? (Enter number of children or None.)

The basic schedule, form P1, was a white 19″ X22″ sheet, printed in green ink on both sides. The front included space for population information for 30 persons, with a separate line for each person enumerated. (The reverse side, the housing schedule, contained spaces for information for 12 dwelling units that housed the persons enumerated on the population side of the form.) Questions 15 through 20 were asked only for persons 14 years of age and over.

Questions at the bottom of the schedule (21-33c) were asked for the one person in five whose name fell on a sample line that was indicated in black. (There were five printings to vary the sample lines.) The person whose name fell on the last sample line was also asked the additional questions from 34 on. Of the sample items, Nos. 29 on applied only to persons 14 years of age and over.

[These were asked of persons in all 1960 PUMS households.]

SECTION A - In this section list:
1. Everyone who usually lives here, whether related to you or not.
2. All persons staying here who have no other home.
PLEASE BE SURE TO LIST -
All members of your family living with you, including babies.
All other relatives living here.
Lodgers and boarders living here.
Servants, hired hands, others not related to you who are living here.
Any one else staying here but who has no other home.

ALSO LIST -
Persons who usually live here but who are away temporarily on business, on vacation, or in a general hospital.

DO NOT LIST -
College students who are away at college (or who are here only on vacation).
Persons stationed away from here in the Armed Forces.
Persons away in institutions, such as a sanitarium, nursing home, home for the aged, mental hospital.
They will be counted there.
(P2) NAMES OF PERSONS LIVING HERE ON APRIL 1, 1960, AND THOSE STAYING HERE WHO HAVE NO OTHER HOME
Write names in this order
Head of household on first line
Wife of head
Unmarried children, oldest first
Married children and their families
Other relatives
Others not related to head of household

IF THERE ARE MORE THAN 10 NAMES ON YOUR LIST, USE AN ADDITIONAL SHEET

Last name First Name Middle initial

____________________ ____________________ ____________________
(P3) What is the relationship of each person to the head of this household?
(For example, wife, son, daughter, grandson, mother-in-law, lodger, lodger's wife)
____________________

(P4) Male or Female (M or F)
___________________

(P5) Is this person - White, Negro, American Indian, Japanese, Chinese, Filipino, Hawaiian, Part Hawaiian, Aleut, Eskimo, (etc.)?
____________________

(P6) When was this person born?
Month ____________________
Year ____________________

(P7) Is this person - Married, Widowed, Divorced, Separated, Single (never married)?
(Leave blank for children born after March 31, 1946)
____________________

P8. Where was this person born?
(If born in hospital, give residence of mother, not location of hospital)

If born in the United States, write name of State. If born outside the United States, write name of country, U.S. possession, etc. Use international boundaries as now recognized by the U.S. Distinguish Northern Ireland from Ireland (Eire).
________________________________________
(State, foreign country, U.S. possession, etc.)

P9. If this person was born outside the U.S. -
What language was spoken in his home before he came to the United States?
____________________

P10. What country was his father born in?
United
States...O OR _____________________________________________
(Name of foreign country; or Puerto Rico, Guam, etc.)

P11. What country was his mother born in?
United
States...O OR _____________________________________________
(Name of foreign country; or Puerto Rico, Guam, etc.)

P12. When did this person move into this house (or apartment)?
(Check date of last move)
Jan. 1954
In 1959 or 1960................ O to March 1955.................. O
In 1958............................. O 1950 to 1953.................... O
In 1957............................. O 1940 to 1949.................... O
April 1955
to Dec. 1956..................... O Always lived here............. O

P13. Did he live in this house on April 1, 1955?
(Answer 1, 2, or 3)

1. Born April 1955 or later........... O
OR
2. Yes, this house.......................... O
OR
3. No, different house.................... O
Where did he live on April 1, 1955?
a. City or town ____________________ b. If city or town - Did he live inside | Yes...O
the city limits? | No....O
c. County ____________________
AND State, foreign country, U.S. possession, etc. ___________________

P14. What is the highest grade (or year) of regular school this person has ever attended?
(Check one box)
If now attending a regular school or college, check the grade (or year) he is in. If it is in junior high school, check the box that stand for that grade (or year).

Never attended school................... O
Kindergarten................................. O
Elementary 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
school (Grade)............................... O O O O O O O O
1 2 3 4
High school (Year).........................O O O O
1 2 3 4 5 6 or more
College (Year)............................... O O O O O O

P15. Did he finish the highest grade (or year) he attended?
Finished this grade........... O
Did not finish this grade... O
Never attended school...... O

P16. Has he attended regular school or college at any time since February 1, 1960?
If he has attended only nursery school, business or trade school, or adult education classes, check "No".
Yes...O No...O
P17. Is it a public school or a private school?
Public school................................. O
Private or parochial school............................. O
P18. If this person has ever been married -
Has this person been married more than once?
Once...O More than once...O
P19. When did he get married? When did he get married for the first time?
Month __________ Month __________
Year __________ Year ___________
P20. If this is a woman who has ever been married -
How many babies has she ever had, not counting stillbirths?
Do not count her stepchildren or adopted children.
__________ OR None...O
(Number)

P21. When was this person born?
Born before April 1946 Born April 1946 or later
O O
Please go on with questions P22 to Please omit questions
P35. Answer the questions regardless P22 to P35 and turn
of whether the person is a housewife, the page to the next
student, or retired person, or a part- person.
time or full-time worker.
Space for any notes about the entries for this person.
________________________________________

P22. Did this person work at any time last week?
Include part-time work such as a Saturday job, delivering papers, or helping without pay
in a family business or farm. Do not count own housework.
Yes...O No...O
P23. How many hours did he work last week (at all jobs)?
(If exact figure not know, give best estimate)
1 to 14 hours....... O 40 hours........................... O
15 to 29 hours..... O 41 to 48 hours.................. O
30 to 34 hours..... O 49 to 59 hours.................. O
35 to 39 hours..... O 60 hours or more.............. O
P24. Was this person looking for work, or on layoff from a job?
Yes...O No...O

P25. Does he have a job or business from which he was temporarily absent all last week because of illness, vacations, or other reasons?
Yes...O No...O

P26. When did he last work at all, even for a few days?
(Check one box)
Working now...... O 1949 or earlier.... O
In 1960............... O
In 1959............... O Never worked..... O
1955 to 1958...... O
1950 to 1954...... O

P27. Occupation (Answer 1, 2, or 3)
1. This person last worked in 1949 or earlier..............|
This person has never worked.................................| O
OR
2. On active duty in the Armed Forces now.................. O
OR
3. Worked in 1950 or later...O Answer a to e, below.
Describe this person's job or business last week, if any, and write in name of employer.
If this person had no job or business last week, give information for last job or business since 1950.
a. For whom did he work?

(Name of company, business, organization, or other employer)
b. What kind of business or industry was this?
Describe activity at location where employed.
___
(For example: County junior high school, auto assembly plant, TV and radio service, retail supermarket, road construction, farm)
c. Is this primarily:
Manufacturing.............................................. O
Wholesale trade........................................... O
Retail trade.................................................. O
Other (services, agriculture,
government, construction, etc.)..................... O
d. What kind of work was he doing?
___
(For example: 8th grade English teacher, paint sprayer, repairs TV sets, grocery checker, civil engineer, farmer, farm hand)
e. Was this person: (Check one box)
Employee of private company, business, or
individual, for wages, salary, or commissions.......... O
Government employee (Federal, State,
county, or local....................................................... O
Self-employed in own business,
professional practice, or farm.................................. O
Working without pay in a family business or farm... O

If this person worked last week, answer questions P28 and P29.

P28. What city and county did he work in last week?
If he worked in more than one city or county, give place where he worked most last week.
a. City or town ____________________
b. If city or town - Did he work inside the city limits?
Yes...O No...O
c. County ____________________ State ____________________

P29. How did he get to work last week?
(Check one box for principal means used last week)
Railroad............. O Taxicab.............. O Walk only........... O
Subway or Private auto Worked at
elevated.............. O or car pool.......... O home.................. O
Bus or Other means - Write in:
streetcar.............. O ____________________

P30. Last year (1959), did this person work at all, even for a few days?
Yes...O No...O

P31. How many weeks did he work in 1959, either full-time or part-time? Count paid vacation, paid sick leave, and military service as weeks worked.
(If exact figure not known, give best estimate)
13 weeks or less............... O 40 to 47 weeks................. O
14 to 26 weeks................. O 48 to 49 weeks................. O
27 to 39 weeks................. O 50 to 52 weeks................. O

P32. How much did this person earn in 1959 in wages, salary, commissions, or tips from all jobs?
Before deductions for taxes, bonds, dues, or other items.
(Enter amount or check "None." If exact figure not known, give best estimate.)
$_________________.00 OR None...O
(Dollars only)

P33. How much did he earn in 1959 in profits or fees from working in his own business, professional practice, partnership, or farm?
Net income after business expenses. (Enter amount or check "None."
If exact figure not known, give lest estimate. If business or farm lost money, write "Loss" after amount.)
$_________________.00 OR None...O
(Dollars only)

P34. Last year (1959), did this person receive any income from:
Social security
Pensions
Veteran's payments
Rent (minus expenses)
Interest or dividends
Unemployment insurance
Welfare payments
Any other source not already entered
Yes...O No...O
What is the amount he received from these sources in 1959?
(If exact figurenot known, give best estimate.)
$_________________.00
(Dollars only)

P35. If this is a man -
Has he ever served in the Army, Navy, or other Armed Forces of the United States?
Yes...O No...O
(Check one box on each line)
Was it during: Yes No
Korean War (June 1950 to Jan. 1955).......... O O
World War II (Sept. 1940 to July 1947)....... O O
World War I (April 1917 to Nov. 1918)....... O O
Any other time, including present service........ O O

PLEASE ANSWER THESE TWO QUESTIONS

Name of person(s) who filled this form:
____________________
____________________

Date filled: ____________________

If it is necessary for the Census Taker to get in touch with you, the best time usually is:
(Check one box)
8 to 12 a.m..................................... O
12 to 6 p.m.................................... O
6 to 9 p.m...................................... O

[Section B and C contain questions designed to ensure a complete count.]

SECTION B - NEXT: Please answer the questions in this section to help the Census Taker count your household correctly.

1. Does more than one family live in this home?
Yes...O No...O

If "Yes," do they live and eat with your family?
Yes...O No...O
Be sure they are listed in Section 1, above.

2. Is there anyone left out of Section A because you were not sure whether he should be listed - for example, a new baby still in the hospital, or a lodger who also has another home?
Yes...O No...O
If "Yes," write name(s) here: ____________________

3. Is there anyone listed in Section A who is away from home now?
Yes...O No...O
If "Yes," write name(s) here: ____________________

SECTION C - List below all persons who were staying here overnight on Thursday, March 31, 1960, except those you have already listed in Section A. Give their home addresses so that the Census Bureau can make sure it counts these people.

(1) Name of visitor (If there are more than 2 names use an additional sheet)
____________________

(2) What is the relationship of this person to the head of the household where he usually lives?
____________________

(3) Male or Female (M or F)
____________________

(4) Is this person - White, Negro, (etc.)?
____________________

(5) When was this person born?
Month ____________________
Year ____________________

(6) Is this person - Married, Widowed, Divorced, Separated, Single (never married)?
(Leave blank for children born after March 31, 1946)
____________________

(7) Home house number and street
____________________

(8) Home city or town and postal zone
____________________

(9) Home State
____________________

(10) If visitor's home is in a rural area - Box No., Rural Route No., and full description of location
____________________

(11) Is there anyone there to report this person?
Yes...O No...O

1960 Housing questions:
[All] = Question asked of all sample households.
[PH-4] = Question asked only in cities with populations of 50,000+.
[PH-3] = Question asked only of households not contained in PH-4 universe.
[20%] = Response recorded only for 20% sample households (whether inside cities or not).
[5%] = Response recorded only for 5% sample households (whether inside cities or not).
[See section introduction for a full explanation of notes in brackets.]
SECTION D - These questions are about the place where you and the people you listed in Section A live. They refer to your house or the part of the house which you occupy, or to the apartment, flat, or rooms in which you live.

[H1, H3, H4, H6, and H7 appeared only on FOSDIC forms, not on the questionnaires. They were filled in by the enumerator, not the respondent.]

[All. Determines whether housing unit was group quarters.]
H1. Sample key
O A
O GQ
(If GQ, fill H17-H18 and omit remaining "H" items)

[All. Only on FOSDIC form; filled in by enumerator, not respondent]
H3. Type
O House, apt., flat
O Trailer

[All. Only on FOSDIC form; filled in by enumerator, not respondent]
H4. Access
O Direct from outside or common hall
O Through another unit

[All] H5. Do you have a kitchen or cooking equipment: (Check one)
For use of the people in your household only (those you listed in Section A)?.. O
Shared with another household or no cooking equipment?............................ O
[All. Only on FOSDIC form; filled in by enumerator, not respondent]
H6. Condition [of housing]
O Sound
O Deteriorating
O Dilapidated

[All. Only on FOSDIC form; filled in by enumerator, not respondent]
H7. Occupancy
O Occupied
Vacant:
O Year-round
O Migratory wkr
O Seasonal

[All]
H8. How many rooms are in your house or apartment? (Count a kitchen as a room but do not count bathrooms)
Number of rooms ____________________

[All]
H9. Is there hot and cold running water in this house or building?(Check one)
Hot and cold running water inside the house or building......................... O
Only cold running water inside.............................................................. O
Running water on property but not inside building.................................. O
No running water................................................................................. O

[All]
H10. Is there a flush toilet in this house or building? (Check one)
Yes, for the use of this household only.................................................. O
Yes, but shared with another household................................................ O
No flush toilet for the use of this household............................................ O

[All]
H11. Is there a bathtub or shower in this house or building?(Check one)
Yes, for the use of this household only.................................................. O
Yes, but shared with another household................................................ O
No bathtub or shower for the use of this household............................... O

[PH-3]
H12. Is the house, part of the house, or apartment in which you live: (Check one)
Owned or being bought by you or someone else in your household? O
Rented for cash?....................................................................... .......... O
Occupied without payment of cash rent?.................................. ......... O

[PH-4]
H12. Is the house, part of the house, or apartment in which you live: (Check one)
Owned or being bought by you or someone else in your household? O
Answer question H15 and fill Section E
Rented for cash?................................................................................. O
Answer question H16 and fill Section E
Occupied without payment of cash rent?........................................... O
Skip to Section E

[All. Only on FOSDIC form; filled in by enumerator, not respondent.]
H13. Vacancy status
O For rent
O For sale only
O Rented or sold not occupied
O For occasional use
O Other vacant

[PH-4. Filled in by enumerator, not respondent. This is the FOSDIC version; see also H39.]
If "OWNED OR BEING BOUGHT" OR "VACANT--FOR SALE ONLY"
H14. Description of property
O 1 unit, no business
O 1 unit, with business
O 2 or more units

HOME OWNERS AND BUYERS PLEASE ANSWER THIS QUESTION

[PH-4; see also H40.]
H15. About how much do you think this property would sell for on today's market? (Check one)
Under $5,000................... O $15,000 to $17,400.......... O
$5,000 to $7,400.............. O $17,500 to $19,900.......... O
$7,500 to $9,900.............. O $20,000 to $24,900.......... O
$10,000 to $12,400.......... O $25,000 to $34,000.......... O
$12,500 to $14,900.......... O $35,000 or more............... O

RENTERS PLEASE ANSWER THIS QUESTION

[PH-4; see also H41.]
H16. If you pay your rent by the month-
What is your monthly rent? $_________________.00
(Nearest dollar)
OR
If you pay rent by the week or some other period of time-
What is your rent and what period does it cover?
$_________________.00 per ____________________
(Nearest dollar) (Week, year, etc.)

[Sections E and F omitted] Fill Inside Page for Population Census
HOLD THIS REPORT FOR THE CENSUS TAKER - DO NOT MAIL [PH-4]
The term "house" or "apartment" covers your house or part of the house you occupy, or the apartment, flat, or rooms in which you live. Most of these questions refer to your own house or apartment but note that questions H20, H33, and H34 are about the whole building in which you live.

[PH-3]
The term "house" or "apartment" covers your house or part of the house you occupy, or the apartment, flat, or rooms in which you live. Most of these questions refer to your own house or apartment but note that questions H20, H32, and H33 are about the whole building in which you live. Questions H17 and H18 refer to the whole place on which you live; if your house is on land which is only part of a larger property, answer questions about the whole place.

[PH-3]
H17 and H18. Is this house:
On a city lot (or is this an apartment building)?.... O
OR
On a place of less than 10 acres?............................ O
Last year (1959), did sales of crops, livestock, and other
farm products from this place amount to $250 or more?
$250 or more.................... O
Less than $250 or none..... O
OR
On a place of 10 or more acres?............................. O
Last year (1959), did sales of crops, livestock, and other
farm products from this place amount to $50 or more?
$50 or more.................... O
Less than $50 or none..... O

[5%]
H19. How many bedrooms are in your house or apartment?
Count rooms whose main use is as bedrooms even if they are occasionally used for other purposes. If you live in a one-room apartment without a separate bedroom, check "No bedroom."
No bedroom..................... O
1 bedroom........................ O
2 bedrooms....................... O
3 bedrooms....................... O
4 bedrooms or more.......... O

[All]
H20. About when was this house originally built?
In 1959 or 1960................ O
1955 to 1958.................... O
1950 to 1954.................... O
1940 to 1949.................... O
1930 to 1939.................... O
1929 or earlier.................. O

[All]
H21. How is your house or apartment heated?
Check ONLY the kind of heat you use the most.
Heated by:
Steam or hot water..................................................... O
Warm air furnace with individual room registers........... O
Floor, wall, or pipeless furnace................................... O
Built-in electric units................................................... O
Room heater(s) connected to chimney or flue............. O
Room heater(s) not connected to chimney or flue....... O
Other method - Write in:
____________________
Not heated.................................................. O

[5%]
H22. Here is a list of fuels. In the first column, check which one is used most for heating. In the second column, check the one used most for cooking. In the third column, check the fuel used most for heating water. (Check one in each column)
A B C
House heating Cooking Water heating
fuel fuel fuel
Coal or coke................................... O........................ O........................ O
Wood............................................. O........................ O........................ O
Utility gas from underground
pipes serving the neighborhood...... O........................ O......................... O
Bottled, tank, or LP gas................. O........................ O......................... O
Electricity...................................... O........................ O......................... O
Fuel oil, kerosene, etc.................... O........................ O......................... O
Other fuel...................................... O........................ O......................... O
No fuel used................................... O........................ O........................ O
[5%]
H23. Do you have a clothes washing machine?
Do not count machines shared with any other household in this building.
Machine with wringer or separate spinner................. O
Automatic or semi-automatic machine...................... O
Washer-dryer combination (single unit).................... O
No washing machine................................................ O

[5%]
H24. Do you have an electric or gas clothes dryer?
Do not count dryers shared with any other household in this building.
Electrically heated dryer............................................ O
Gas heated dryer....................................................... O
No dryer.................................................................... O

[5%]
H25. Do you have any television sets?
Count only sets in working order. Count floor, table, and portable television sets as well as combinations.
1 set.......................................................................... O
2 sets or more............................................................ O
No television sets...................................................... O

[5%]
H26. Do you have any radios?
Count only sets in working order. Count floor, table, and portable radios as well as radio combinations. Do not count automobile radios.
1 radio...................................................................... O
2 radios or more........................................................ O
No radios.................................................................. O

[5%]
H27. Do you have any air conditioning?
Count only equipment which cools the air by refrigeration.
Room unit - 1 only.................................................... O
Room units - 2 or more............................................. O
Central air conditioning system.................................. O
No air conditioning................................................... O

[5%]
H28. Do you have a home food freezer which is separate from your refrigerator?
Yes...O No...O

[20% -- filled in by enumerator, not respondent]
H29. Number of units in structure
1, detached......... O
1, attached.......... O
2......................... O
3-4...................... O
5-9...................... O | If 5 or more -
10-19.................. O | Fill items H20,
20-49.................. O | H21, H22A, and
50 or more.......... O | H22C in Questionnaire

[20%]
H30. How many bathrooms are in your house or apartment?
A complete bathroom has both flush toilet and bathing facilities (bathtub or shower).
A partial bathroom has a flush toilet or bathing facilities, but not bath.
No bathroom, or only a partial bathroom................... O
1 complete bathroom................................................. O
1 complete bathroom, plus partial bathroom(s)........... O
2 or more complete bathrooms.................................. O

[PH-3, 20%]
H31. Do you get water from:
a public system (or private company)?................... O
an individual well?.................................................. O
some other source?.................................................. O

[PH-3, 20%]
H32. Is this house connected to a public sewer?
Yes, connected to a public sewer............................... O
No, has septic tank or cesspool.................................. O
No, has other means of sewage of disposal................ O

[20%]
H33. Is this house built:
with a basement?.......................... O
on a concrete slab?....................... O
in another way?............................ O

[PH-4, 20%]
H34. Does this building have:
3 stories or less?.............. O
4 stories or more -
with elevator?.. O
walk-up?........... O

[All]
H35. Is there a telephone on which people who live here can be called?
Yes........O What is the telephone number?____________________
No........ O

[PH-3, 5%, or PH-4, 20%]
H36. How many passenger automobiles are owned or regularly used by people who live here?
Count company cars kept at home
No automobile............................... O
1 automobile.................................. O
2 automobiles................................. O
3 automobiles or more.................... O

[All]
H37. If you live in a trailer, is it:
mobile (on wheels, or can easily be put on wheels)?............................. O
on a permanent foundation?.............................................................. O

[All. Only on FOSDIC form; filled in by enumerator, not respondent.]
H38. How many months has this unit been vacant?
O Up to 1 month
O 1 up to 2
O 2 up to 4
O 4 up to 6
O 6 or more

[PH-3 -- Filled in by enumerator, not respondent. This is the FOSDIC version.]
If "OWNED OR BEING BOUGHT" OR "VACANT--FOR SALE ONLY" (Omit if 10 acres or more)
H39. (H14) Description of property (from back page of questionnaire)
O 1 unit, no business
O 1 unit, with business
O 2 or more units

[PH-3]
ANSWER H40 IF YOU OWN OR ARE BUYING THIS HOME

[PH-3; see also H15]
H40. About how much do you think this property would sell for on today's market?
Do not answer if your home is on a place of 10 or more acres.
Less than $5,000............................ O
$5,000 to $7,400............................ O
$7,500 to $9,900............................ O
$10,000 to $12,400........................ O
$12,500 to $14,900........................ O
$15,000 to $17,400........................ O
$17,500 to $19,900........................ O
$20,000 to $24,400........................ O
$25,000 to $34,900........................ O
$35,000 or more............................ O
ANSWER QUESTIONS H41 TO H46 IF YOU PAY RENT FOR YOUR HOUSE, APARTMENT, OR FLAT

[PH-3; see also H16]
H41. If you pay your rent by the month -
What is your monthly rent? $_________________.00
(Nearest dollar)
OR
If you pay your rent by the week or some other period of time -
What is your rent and what period does it cover?
$_________________.00 per ____________________
(Nearest dollar) (Week, year, etc.)

[PH-3]
H42. Does you rent include any land used for farming (or ranching)?
Yes...O No...O

[All]
H43 and H44. In addition to rent, do you also pay for:
Electricity? (Check one box)
Yes...O What is the average monthly
cost for electricity? $_________________.00
(See instructions below)
No...O
Gas? (Check one box)
Yes.O What is the average monthly
cost for gas? $_________________.00
(See instructions below)
No...O
Water? (Check one box)
Yes...O What is the average monthly
cost for water? $_________________.00
(See instructions below)
No...O
[All]
H45 and H46. In addition to rent, do you also pay for oil, coal, kerosene, or wood?
Yes...O About how much do you pay
for such fuel per year? $_________________.00
(See instructions below)
No...O

HOW TO FIGURE COST OF UTILITIES AND FUEL
Enter the cost to the nearest dollar

Utilities
If you don't know exactly how much you have spent and if you don't have records, put down the approximate costs.
Fuels
If you don't know how fuels cost per year, one of the following methods may help you figure the approximate costs:

Fuel used Method NOTE: If you buy fuel in small
Coal Multiply number of tons used per | quantities (such
year by the cost per ton. | as kerosene by
| the can or coal
Oil Multiply number of gallons used | by the bag), it
or per year by the cost per gallon; | may be easier to
kerosene OR multiply number of deliveries | -- figure about how
by average cost per delivery. | much you spend
| for fuel per week,
Wood Multiply number of cords (or | and multiply by
loads) used per year by cost per | the number of
cord (or load). | weeks during
| which it is used.

Space for any notes about the housing entries.
____________________

AFTER YOU FINISH THE HOUSING QUESTIONS -

* FILL THE FOLLOWING PAGES FOR PERSONS WHOSE NAMES HAVE BEEN WRITTEN IN BY THE CENSUS TAKER. [Note: We recorded person (or population) questions in the above section.]
* MAKE SURE THAT EACH "EXTRA PERSON" QUESTIONNAIRE LEFT BY THE CENSUS TAKER IS FILLED.
* INCLUDE THE COMPLETED "EXTRA PERSON" QUESTIONNAIRES IN THE FAMILY'S ENVELOPE WHEN THIS FORM IS MAILED TO THE CENSUS OFFICE. Sheets filled by household members not related to the head may first be enclosed in the special smaller envelopes left for these persons.

The responses supplied by householders to the inquiries shown below were transcribed by enumerators to machine-readable forms, 14 1/8" X 17 1/4," which were the official 1960 schedules.

For the population inquiries, questions P3-P7 were asked for all persons, but the other items (P8ff.) were collected on a 25-percent basis. In 1960, the housing unit or the group quarters (the dwelling or nondwelling units in 1950) was the sampling unit, so that everyone living in that unit fell in the sample. There were special procedures for sampling persons in institutions and similar facilities, however. A unit with five or more lodgers or six unrelated individuals (one of whom was designated as head) was classified as "group quarters."

The month of birth (P6) was collected for everyone, but only the quarter was transcribed to the official schedule.

The instructions for completing P5 (race or color) by observation directed that Puerto Ricans, Mexicans, or other persons of Latin descent would be classified as "White" unless they were definitely Negro, Indian, or some other race. Southern European and Near Eastern nationalities also were to be considered White. Asian Indians were to be classified as "Other," and "Hindu" written in.

The husband of a married couple was always to be listed as the head of the household if he was present.

Housing questions H3-H16 were asked for all housing units, and the others (H17H46) on either a 25-, 20-, or 5-percent sample basis. (The 20-and 5-percent samples were subdivisions of the 25-percent selection.)

Questions on the presence of a kitchen sink and electric lighting, and the type of refrigerator asked in 1950 were omitted. A number of new sample items were added, however, mainly on facilities and equipment, and detailed instructions were supplied.

In question H6 (condition), the category "Not dilapidated" was subdivided into "sound" (in good repair) and "deteriorating" (in need of repair), and the enumerator was given a list of "slight," "intermediate," and "critical" defects by which a determination could be made.

As before, vacant trailers, boats, etc., were not enumerated.

1. WHAT IS THE NAME OF EACH PERSON who was living here on Wednesday, April 1, 1970 or who was staying or visiting here and had no other home?
Print names in this order:
Head of the household
Wife of head
Unmarried children, oldest first
Married children and their families
Other relatives of the head
Persons not related to the head
________
Last name
________
First name Middle Initial

"In Question 1 ... please list each person who was living here on Wednesday, April 1, 1970, or who was staying or visiting here and had no other home.

"LIST IN QUESTION 1: Family members living here, including babies still in the hospital; Relatives living here; Lodgers or boarders living here; Servants or hired hands living here; Other persons living here; College students who stay here while attending college, even if their parents live elsewhere; Persons who usually live here but are temporarily away (including children in boarding school below the college level); Persons with a home elsewhere but who stay here most of the week while working.

"DO NOT LIST IN QUESTION 1: Any person away from here in the Armed Forces; Any college student who stays somewhere else while attending college; Any person who usually stays somewhere else most of the week while working there; Any person away from here in an institution such as a home for the aged or mental hospital; Any person staying or visiting here who has a usual home elsewhere.

"Note: If everyone here is staying only temporarily and has a usual home elsewhere, please fill this circle O and give their names ... in the space for question 12. [Questions 9 to 12 were asked to ensure a complete count. We omit them below.] Do not answer any other questions. Mail back the form on Wednesday, April 1."

[All]
2. HOW IS EACH PERSON RELATED TO THE HEAD OF THIS HOUSEHOLD?
Fill one circle.
If "Other relative of head,"also give exact relationship, for example, mother-in-law, brother,
niece, grandson, etc.
If "Other not related to head,"also give exact relationship, for example, partner, maid, etc.
O Head of household
O Wife of head
O Son or daughter of head
O Other relative of head - Print exact relationship _
O Roomer, boarder, lodger
O Patient or inmate
O Other not related to head - Print exact relationship ____________________________
"If two or more unrelated people live together and share the rent, mark the first one you list Head of household. Mark the rest Other not related to head and print "partner" in the space. A stepchild or legally adopted child of the head should be marked Son or daughter."

[All]
3. SEX
Fill one circle
O Male
O Female
[All]
4. COLOR OR RACE
Fill one circle.
If "Indian (American),"also give tribe.
If "Other,"also give race.
O White
O Negro or Black
O Indian (Amer.) Print tribe ____
O Japanese
O Chinese
O Filipino
O Hawaiian
O Korean
O Other - Print race __________
[On the questionnaires used in Alaska, the categories "Aleut" and "Eskimo" were substituted for "Hawaiian" and "Korean" in question 4.]

[All]
DATE OF BIRTH
5. Month and year of birth and age last birthday
Print
Month __________
Year ____________
Age ____________
"If the month or year of birth, or the age, is not known, give your best estimate."

6. Month of birth
Fill one circle
O Jan. - Mar.
O Apr. - June
O July - Sept.
O Oct. - Dec.
7. Year of birth
Fill one circle for first three numbers
O 186- O 192-
O 187- O 193-
O 188- O 194-
O 189- O 195-
O 190- O 196-
O 191- O 197-
Fill one circle for last number
O 0 O 5
O 1 O 6
O 2 O 7
O 3 O 8
O 4 O 9
[All]
8. WHAT IS EACH PERSON'S MARITAL STATUS?
Fill one circle
O Now married
O Widowed
O Divorced
O Separated
O Never married
"If the person's only marriage was annulled, mark Never married."

[All]
13a. Where was this person born? If born in hospital, give State or country where mother lived. If born outside U.S., see instruction sheet; distinguish Northern Ireland from Ireland (Eire).
O This State
OR _____________________
(Name of State or foreign country; or Puerto Rico, Guam, etc.)
"Mark the circle for This State if he now lives in the same State as he was born in. If born in a different State, print name of State. If born outside U.S., print name of country, U.S. possession, etc. Use international boundaries as now recognized by the U.S."

[Only on Form 1]
b. Is this person's origin or descent - (Fill one circle)
O Mexican O Central or South American
O Puerto Rican O Other Spanish
O Cuban O No, none of these
[Only on Form 2]
14. What country was his father born in?
O United States
OR _____________________
(Name of foreign country; or Puerto Rico, Guam, etc.)
[Only on Form 2]
15. What country was his mother born in?
O United States
OR ____________________
(Name of foreign country; or Puerto Rico, Guam, etc.)
[Only on Form 1]
16. For persons born in a foreign country -
a. Is this person naturalized?
O Yes, naturalized
O No, alien
O Born abroad of American parents
b. When did he come to the United States to stay?
O 1965 to 70 O 1950 to 54 O 1925 to 34
O 1960 to 64 O 1945 to 49 O 1915 to 24
O 1955 to 59 O 1935 to 44 O Before 1915
"Mark one circle in part a and one circle in part b for persons born outside the 50 States, District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, Canal Zone, Guam, or Virgin Islands of U.S."

[Only on Form 2]
17. What language, other than English, was spoken in this person's home when he was a child? Fill one circle.
O Spanish O Other -
O French Specify ________
O German O None, English only
"If more than one language other than English was spoken, mark principal language."

[Only on Form 2]
18. When did this person move into this house (or apartment)?
Fill circle for date of last move.
O 1969 or 70 O 1965 or 66 O 1949 or earlier
O 1968 O 1960 to 64 O Always lived in this house or apartment
O 1967 O 1950 to 59
"Mark the date for the last time he moved into this particular house or apartment."

[Only on Form 2]
19a. Did he live in this house on April 1, 1965? If in college or Armed Forces in April 1965, report place of residence there.
O Born April 1965 or later }
O Yes, this house .............. } Skip to 20
O No, different house
"Mark Yes if he lived in this same house or apartment on April 1, 1965, even if he moved away and came back between then and now. Mark No if he lived in the same building but in a different apartment on April 1, 1965."

b. Where did he live on April 1, 1965?
(1) State, foreign country, U.S. possession, etc. _________
(2) County
__________
(3) Inside the limits of a city, town, village, etc.?
O Yes O No
(4) If "Yes," name of city, town, village, etc. __________

"If he lived somewhere else on April 1, 1965, give the address of his usual residence at that time.
Part (2)
For addresses in Louisiana, print the parish name.
For addresses in Alaska, print the borough name.
For addresses in independent cities, print the name of the city and word "city," for example "Baltimore city."
Part (3)
Mark Yes if you know that the address is now inside the limits of a city, town, village, or other
incorporated place, even if it was not inside the limits on April 1, 1965."

[Only on Form 2]
20. Since February 1, 1970, has this person attended regular school or college at any time? Count nursery school, kindergarten, and schooling which leads to an elementary school certificate, high school diploma, or college degree.
O No
O Yes, public
O Yes, parochial
O Yes, other private
"Do not count trade or business school, company training, or tutoring unless you think he could get credit for it at a regular school or college."

[All]
21. What is the highest grade (or year) of regular school he has ever attended?
Fill one circle. If now attending, mark grade he is in.
O Never attended school - Skip to 23
O Nursery school
O Kindergarten

Elementary through high school (grade or year)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
O O O O O O O O O O O O

College (academic year)
1 2 3 4 5 6 or more
O O O O O O
"Mark the highest grade he attended even if he did not finish it. If he is still in school, mark the grade he is in now. If he skipped or repeated grades, mark the highest grade ever attended, regardless of how long it took to get there. If he finished high school, but did not go to college, mark 12. For college, mark the highest academic year attended."

[All]
22. Did he finish the highest grade (or year) he attended?
O Now attending this grade (or year)
O Finished this grade (or year)
O Did not finish this grade (or year)
"Mark Finished this grade (or year) only if he finished the entire grade or year shown in question 21."

[All]
23. When was this person born?
O Born before April 1956 - Please go on with questions 24 through 41.
O Born April 1956 or later - Please omit questions 24 through 41 and go to the next page for the next person.
[Only on Form 1]
24. If this person has ever been married -
a. Has this person been married more than once?
O Once O More than once
b. When did he get married? When did he get married for the first time?
____________________ ____________________
Month Year Month Year
"If exact dates of marriage are unknown, estimate as closely as possible."

c. If married more than once - Did the first marriage end because of the death of the husband (or wife)?
O Yes O No
[All]
25. If this is a girl or a woman - How many babies has she ever had, not counting stillbirths?Do not count her stepchildren or children she has adopted.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 or more None
O O O O O O O O O O O O O
"Count all the children the girl or woman has ever had, even if some of them have died or no longer live with her."

[Only on Form 2]
26. If this is a man -
a. Has he ever served in the Army, Navy, or other Armed Forces of the United States?
O Yes O No
"Mark Yes if he was ever on active duty in the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, or Coast Guard, no matter how short a time he served. Count only active duty in National Guard or Reserves. Mark No if he had only civilian duty in the Armed Forces or merchant marine. Mark No if he was in the National Guard or Reserves, but was not called to active duty. Mark No if his only military service in the Armed Forces of another country."

b. Was it during - (Fill the circle for each period of service.)
Vietnam Conflict (Since Aug. 1964) ........................... O
Korean War (June 1950 to Jan. 1955) ..................... O
World War II (Sept. 1940 to July 1947) ................... O
World War I (April 1917 to Nov. 1918) ................... O
Any other time ........................................................... O
[Only on Form 1] 27a. Has this person ever completed a vocational training program?
For example, in high school; as apprentice; in school of business, nursing or trades; technical institute; or Armed Forces schools.
O Yes O No - Skip to 28
"Count only programs that he finished. Do no count courses which are not part of an organized program of study. Do not count training he got on-the-job, in company schools, in college after the second year, or by correspondence."

b. What was his main field of vocational training? Fill one circle.
O Business, office work
O Nursing, other health fields
O Trades and crafts (mechanic, electrician, beautician, etc.)
O Engineering or science technician; draftsman
O Agriculture or home economics
O Other field - Specify ________________
[Only on Form 1]
28a. Does this person have a health or physical condition which limits the kind or amount of work he can do at a job?
If 65 years old or over, skip to question 29.
O Yes
O No
"Health condition. This is a serious illness, or a serious handicap (impairment) affecting some part of the body or mind, which interferes with his ability to work at a job. Answer No for pregnancy, common colds, etc."

b. Does his health or physical condition keep him from holding any job at all?
O Yes
O No
c. If "Yes" in a or b - How long has he been limited in his ability to work?
O Less than 6 months O 3 to 4 years
O 6 to 11 months O 5 to 9 years
O 1 to 2 years O 10 years or more
QUESTIONS 29 THROUGH 41 ARE FOR ALL PERSONS BORN BEFORE APRIL 1956 INCLUDING HOUSEWIVES, STUDENTS, OR DISABLED PERSONS AS WELL AS PART-TIME OR FULL-TIME WORKERS.

[All]
29a. Did this person work at any time last week?
O Yes - Fill this circle if this person did full- or part-time work. (Count part-time work such as a Saturday job, delivering papers, or helping without pay in a family business or farm; and active duty in the Armed Forces.

O No - Fill this circle if this person did not work, or did only own housework, school work, or volunteer work. Skip to 30
"Mark Yes if he worked on any day Sunday through Saturday of last week.

Count as work
Work for someone else for wages, salary, piece rate, commission, tips, or payment "in kind"
Work in own business, professional practice, or farm
Any work in a family business or farm, paid or not
Any part-time work
Active duty in the Armed Forces

Do not count as work
Housework or yard work at own home
Unpaid volunteer work.
Work done as an inmate of an institution."

[All]
b. How many hours did he work last week (at all jobs)?
Subtract any time off and add overtime or extra hours worked.
O 1 to 14 hours O 40 hours
O 15 to 29 hours O 41 to 48 hours
O 30 to 34 hours O 49 to 59 hours
O 35 to 39 hours O 60 hours or more
"Give the actual number of hours he worked at all jobs last week, even if that was more or fewer hours than he usually works."

[Only on Form 2]
c. Where did he work last week?
If he worked in more than one place, print where he worked most last week.
If he travels about in his work or if the place does not have a numbered address, see instruction sheet.
(1) Address (Number and street name) ______________
(2) Name of city, town, village, etc.

(3) Inside the limits of this city, town, village, etc.?
O Yes
O No
(4) County
(5) State ______________________
(6) Zip Code ____________________

"For a person who travels about in his work or who works in more than one place -- If he usually checks in or out at the same place every day, give the address of that place. If he does not check in or out at the same place, give the address of the place where he worked the most hours last week.

"Give the exact address of the location or branch where he works if his employer operates in more than one location (such as a grocery store chain or public school system). When you cannot give the number or street name, print the name of the building, if any, or the name of the company for which he works."

[Only on Form 2]
d. How did he get to work last week? Fill one circle for chief means used on the last day he worked at the address given in 29c.
O Driver, private auto O Taxicab
O Passenger, private auto O Walked only
O Bus or streetcar O Worked at home
O Subway or elevated O Other means -- Specify ¯
O Elevated ______
After completing question 29d, skip to question 33.
"Mark Worked at home for a person who worked on a farm where he lives or in an office or shop in his home."

[All]
30. Does this person have a job or business from which he was temporarily absent or on layoff last week?
O Yes, on layoff
O Yes, on vacation, temporary illness, labor dispute, etc.
O No
"Mark No if he works only during certain seasons or is "on call" to work when needed."

[All]
31a. Has he been looking for work during the past 4 weeks?
O Yes O No - Skip to 32
"Mark Yes if he tried to get a job or to start a business or profession at any time in the past four weeks; for example, if he registered at an employment office, went for a job interview, or did anything toward starting a business. Mark Yes if he was waiting to hear from places he had applied to or registered with within the past four weeks."

b. Was there any reason why he could not take a job last week?
O Yes, already has a job
O Yes, because of this person's temporary illness
O Yes, for other reasons (in school, etc.)
O No, could have taken a job
"Mark Yes, already has a job if he was on layoff or was expecting to report to a job within 30 days. Mark Yes, because of this person's temporary illness if he expects to be able to work within 30 days. Mark Yes, for other reasons for reasons such as going to school or taking care of children."

[All]
32. When did he last work at all, even for a few days?
O In 1970 O 1964 to 1967 O 1959 or earlier } Skip
O In 1969 O 1960 to 1963 O Never worked } to 36
O In 1968
"Look at the instruction for 29a to see what work means. Mark Never worked if he: (1) never worked at any kind of job or business, either full or part-time, (2) never did any unpaid work in a family business or farm, and (3) never served in the Armed Forces."

[All]
33-35. Current or most recent job activity
Describe clearly this person's chief job activity or business last week, if any. If he had more than one job, describe the one at which he worked the most hours. If this person had no job or business last week, give information for last job or business since 1960.

[All]
33. Industry
a. For whom did he work? If now on active duty in the Armed Forces, print "AF" and skip to question 36.
_______________________
(Name of company, business, organization, or other employer)

"If he worked for company, business, or government agency, print the name of the company, not the name of his supervisor. If he worked for a person or a small business that has no company name, print the name of the person he worked for."

b. What kind of business or industry was this?
Describe activity at location where employed.
_______________________
(For example: Junior high school, retail supermarket, dairy farm, TV and radio service, auto assembly plant, road construction)

"Write two or more words to tell what the business, industry, or person named in 33a does. Write what it makes or what it sells or what service it gives. Some examples of acceptable answers are shown on the Census form and here."
Acceptable Unacceptable
Cattle ranch Ranch
Wholesale grocery store Grocery store
Retail gas station Oil company
Metal furniture manufacturing Furniture company
If a company does more than one thing (like make household electrical appliances and electric generators) describe only the major activity at the place where he works. If, however, he works at a warehouse, repair shop, etc., that is part of and used only by a larger organization, give the major activity of the larger organization; for example, department store warehouse - report department store."

c. Is this mainly - (Fill one circle)
O Manufacturing O Retail trade
O Wholesale trade O Other (agriculture, construction, service, government, etc.)
"Mark Manufacturing if the factory, plant, mill, etc. makes things, even if it also sells them. Mark Wholesale trade if a business does not make things but buys them to sell to stores or other companies. Mark Retail trade if the business mostly sells things (not services) to individuals. Mark Other if the main purpose of the employer is not making or selling things. Some examples of "Other" are services, such as those given by hotels, dry cleaners, repair shops, schools, and banks. Farming and building houses, bridges, roads, are also examples of "Other" kinds of businesses."

[All]
34. Occupation
a. What kind of work was he doing?
_______________________
(For example: TV repairman, sewing machine operator, spray painter, civil engineer, farm operator, farm hand, junior high English teacher)

"Write two or more words to tell the kind of work he does. If he is a trainee, apprentice, or helper, write that down too. See examples of acceptable answers on the Census form and here.
Acceptable Unacceptable
Sales clerk Clerk
Carpenter's helper Helper
Practical nurse Nurse
b. What were his most important activities or duties?
_______________________
(For example: Types, keeps account books, files, sells cars, operates printing press, cleans buildings, finishes concrete)

"Write the most important things that he does on the job. Some examples are shown on the Census form."

c. What was his job title?
_______________

"Print his job title (what his employer calls his job). If he has no job title, print None."

[All]
35. Was this person - (Fill one circle)
Employee of private company, business, or
individual, for wages, salary, or commissions .............. O
Federal government employee ................................... O
State government employee ....................................... O
Local government employee (city, county, etc.) ......... O
Self-employed in own business,
professional practice, or farm -
Own business not incorporated ................................... O
Own business incorporated ......................................... O
Working without pay in family business or farm ............ O
"If he was an employee of a private non-profit organization, mark the first circle. Mark Local government employee for a teacher in a local public school."

[Only on Form 1]
36. In April 1965, what State did this person live in?
O This State
OR ____________
(Name of State or foreign country; or Puerto Rico, etc.)
"Mark This State if he now lives in the same State as he did in April 1965."

[All]
37. In April 1965, was this person - (Fill three circles)
a. Working at a job or business (full or part-time)?
O Yes O No
b. In the Armed Forces?
O Yes O No
c. Attending college?
O Yes O No
"If he had two or more activities during the same period, mark Yes for each of these activities."

[Only on Form 1]
38. If "Yes" for "Working at a job or business" in question 37 -
Describe this person's chief activity or business in April 1965.

a. What kind of business or industry was this?
________________________
b. What kind of work was he doing (occupation)?
________________________
________________________

c. Was he -
An employee of a private company or government agency ..... O
Self-employed or unpaid family worker ................................. O [All]
39a. Last year (1969), did this person work at all, even for a few days?
O Yes O No - Skip to 41
b. How many weeks did he work in 1969, either full-time or part-time?
Count paid vacation, paid sick leave, and military service.
O 13 weeks or less O 40 to 47 weeks
O 14 to 26 weeks O 48 to 49 weeks
O 27 to 39 weeks O 50 to 52 weeks
"Look at the instruction for question 29a to see what work means. Count every week in which he did any work at all, even for a few hours."

[All]
40. Earnings in 1969 - Fill parts a, b, and c for everyone who worked any time in 1969 even if he had no income. (If exact amount is not known, give best estimate.)

a. How much did this person earn in 1969 in wages, salary, commissions, bonuses, or tips from all jobs? (Before deductions for taxes, bonds, dues, or other items.)
$ ____________.00 OR O None
(Dollars only)
b. How much did he earn in 1969 from his own nonfarm business, professional practice, or partnership? (Net after business expenses. If business lost money, write "Loss" above amount.)
$ ____________.00 OR O None
(Dollars only)
c. How much did he earn in 1969 from his own farm? (Net after operating expenses. Include earnings as a tenant farmer or sharecropper. If farm lost money, write "Loss" above amount.)
$ ____________.00 OR O None
(Dollars only)
"Enter the amount or fill the None circle in a, b, and c. Part 40a includes "sick leave" pay. Part 40a excludes military bonuses, reimbursement for business expenses, and pay "in kind." The owner of an unincorporated nonfarm business should include his net earnings in part 40b. If the business or farm is incorporated, his earnings should be included in part 40a."

[All]
41. Income other than earnings in 1969 - Fill in parts a, b, and c.
(If exact amount is not known, give best estimate.) "Enter the amount or fill the None circle in a, b, and c."

a. How much did this person receive in 1969 from Social Security or Railroad Retirement?
$ ____________.00 OR O None
(Dollars only)
"Social Security or Railroad Retirement - include U.S. Government payments to retired persons, to dependents of deceased insured workers, or to disabled workers. Include "Medicare" premiums; exclude receipts."

b. How much did he receive in 1969 from public assistance or welfare payments?
Include aid for dependent children, old age assistance, general assistance, aid to the blind or totally disabled. Exclude separate payments for hospital or other medical care.
$ ____________.00 OR O None
(Dollars only)
"Public assistance or public welfare payments - include amounts received from Federal, State, or local public programs. Exclude private welfare payments."

c. How much did he receive in 1969 from all other sources?
Include interest, dividends, veterans' payments, pensions, and other regular payments.
(See instruction sheet.)
$ ____________.00 OR O None
(Dollars only)
"Interest, dividends - include amounts received or credited to your account.
Veterans' payments - include money paid for service-connected disabilities, to survivors of deceased veterans, for education and on-the-job training subsistence allowances, and for 'refunds' on 'GI' insurance premiums.
Retirement pensions - include amounts paid by former private employers and by unions, and amounts paid by Federal, State, county, or other governmental agencies.
Other regular payments - include such periodic income as net rental income, unemployment insurance benefits, workmen's compensation, private welfare payments, alimony or child support, Armed Forces allotments, and regular contributions from persons who are not members of your household.
Exclude receipts from the sale or personal property, capital gains, lump-sum insurance or inheritance payments, or pay 'in kind.'"

[1970 Housing questions.]

"If you live in an apartment building and you do not know the answers to questions H14, H15, H16, and H25, ask the person who runs your building (for example, the manager, rental agent, superintendent, janitor, etc.).

[All]
A. How many living quarters, occupied and vacant, are at this address?
O One
O 2 apartments or living quarters
O 3 apartments or living quarters
O 4 apartments or living quarters
O 5 apartments or living quarters
O 6 apartments or living quarters
O 7 apartments or living quarters
O 8 apartments or living quarters
O 9 apartments or living quarters
O 10 or more apartments or living quarters
O This is a mobile home or trailer
"Mark only one circle. This address means the house or building number where your living quarters are located.

[All -- this question filled out by enumerators, not respondents; for IPUMS purposes, the only significant distinctions are between occupied, vacant, and group quarters units.]
B. Type of unit or quarters
Occupied
O First form
O Continuation
Vacant
O Regular
O Usual residence elsewhere
Group quarters
O First form
O Continuation
For a vacant unit, also fill C, D, A, H2 to H8, and H10 to H12

[All -- this question filled out by enumerators, not respondents]
C. Vacancy status
Year round --
O For rent
O For sale only
O Rented or sold, not occupied
O Held for occasional use
O Other vacant
O Seasonal
O Migratory

[All -- this question filled out by enumerators, not respondents]
D. Months vacant
O Less than 1 month
O 1 up to 2 months
O 2 up to 6 months
O 6 up to 12 months
O 1 year up to 2 years
O 2 years or more
[All]
H1. Is there a telephone on which people in your living quarters can be called?
O Yes What is the number? _________________
O No Phone number
"Mark Yes and enter telephone number, even if the telephone is in another apartment or building."

[All]
H2. Do you enter your living quarters --
O Directly from the outside or through a common or public hall?
O Through someone else's living quarters?
"Mark the second circle only if you must go through someone else's living quarters to get to your own."

[All]
H3. Do you have complete kitchen facilities?
Complete kitchen facilities are a sink with piped water, a range or cook stove, and a refrigerator.
O Yes, for this household only
O Yes, but also used by another household
O No complete kitchen facilities for this household
"The kitchen sink, stove, and refrigerator do not have to be in the same room. Also used by another household means that someone else who lives in the same building, but is not a member of your household, also uses the equipment. Mark this circle also if the occupants of living quarters now vacant would also use the equipment."

[All]
H4. How many rooms do you have in your living quarters?
Do not count bathrooms, porches, balconies, foyers, halls, or half-rooms.
O 1 room O 6 rooms
O 2 rooms O 7 rooms
O 3 rooms O 8 rooms
O 4 rooms O 9 rooms or more
O 5 rooms
"Count only whole rooms used for living purposes, such as living rooms, dining rooms, kitchens, bedrooms, finished recreation rooms, family rooms, etc. Do not count kitchenettes, strip or pullman kitchens; utility rooms; or unfinished attics, basements, or other space used for storage."

[All]
H5. Is there hot and cold piped water in this building?
O Yes, hot and cold piped water in this building
O No, only cold piped water in this building
O No piped water in this building
"Mark hot water even if you have it only part of the time."

[All]
H6. Do you have a flush toilet?
O Yes, for this household only O Yes, but also used by another household
O No flush toilet
"See instructions for H3 for meaning of Also used by another household."

[All]
H7. Do you have a bathtub or shower?
O Yes, for this household only.
O Yes, but also used by another household
O No bathtub or shower
"See instructions for H3 for meaning of Also used by another household."

[All]
H8. Is there a basement in this building?
O Yes
O No, build on a concrete slab
O No, build in another way (include mobile homes and trailers)
"A house has a basement if there is enclosed space in which persons can walk upright under all or part of the building. A house on a concrete slab has no basement and no air or crawl space below it. A house built in another way is one directly on the ground or resting on a foundation or posts to provide crawl space."

[All]
H9. Are your living quarters -
O Owned or being bought by you or by someone else in this household? Do not include cooperatives and condominiums here.
O A cooperative or condominium which is owned or being bought by you or by someone else in your household?
O Rented for cash rent?
O Occupied without payment of cash rent?
"Owned or being bought means that the living quarters are owned outright or are mortgaged. Also mark Owned or being bought if the living quarters are owned but the land is rented. Mark Rented for cash rent if any money rent is paid. Rent may be paid by persons who are not members of your household. Occupied without payment of cash rent includes, for example, a parsonage, a house or apartment provided free of rent by the owner, or a house or apartment occupied by a janitor or caretaker in exchange for services."

[All]
H10a. Is this building a one-family house?
O Yes, a one-family house
O No, a building for 2 or more families or a mobile home or trailer
b. If "Yes" -- Is this house on a place of 10 acres or more, or is any part of this property used as a commercial establishment or medical office?
O Yes, 10 acres or more
O Yes, commercial establishment or medical office
O No, none of the above
"A commercial establishment is easily recognized from the outside; for example, a grocery store or barber shop. A medical office is a doctor's or dentist's office regularly visited by patients. If your house is on a place of 10 acres or more and also contains a commercial establishment or medical office, mark Yes, 10 acres or more."

[All]
H11. If you live in a one-family house which you own or are buying --
What is the value of this property; that is, how much do you think this property (house and lot) would sell for if it were for sale?
If this house is on a place of 10 acres or more, or if any part of this property is used as a commercial establishment or medical office, do not answer this question.
O Less than $5,000
O $5,000 to $7,499
O $7,500 to $9,999
O $10,000 to $12,499
O $12,500 to $14,999
O $15,000 to $17,499
O $17,500 to $19,999
O $20,000 to $24,999
O $25,000 to $34,999
O $35,000 to $49,999
O $50,000 or more
"Include the value of the house, the land it is on, and any other structures on the same property. If the house is owned but the land is rented, estimate the combined value of the house and the land."

[All]
H12. Answer this question if you pay rent for your living quarters.

"Report the rent agreed to or contracted for, even if the furnishings, utilities, or services are included."

a. If rent is paid by the month --
What is the monthly rent?
Write amount here $ ____________.00 (Nearest dollar)
and
Fill one circle
O Less than $30
O $30 to $39
O $40 to $49
O $50 to $59
O $60 to $69
O $70 to $79
O $80 to $89
O $90 to $99
O $100 to $119
O $120 to $149
O $150 to $199
O $200 to $249
O $250 to $299
O $300 or more
"If you pay rent by the month, write in the amount of rent and fill one circle."

b. If rent is not paid by the month -
What is the rent, and what period of time does it cover?
$ ____________.00 per ______________________________
(Nearest dollar) (Week, half-month, year, etc.)

"If rent is not paid by the month, answer both parts of b. For example, $20 per week, $1,500 per year, etc."

[All]
H13. Answer question H13 if you pay rent for your living quarters.
In addition to the rent entered in H12, do you also pay for -

"If exact costs are not known, estimate as closely as possible. Report amounts even if bills are unpaid or are paid by someone else. If the bills include utilities or fuel used also by another apartment or a business establishment, estimate the amounts for your own living quarters. If gas and electricity are billed together, enter the combined amount on the electricity line and bracket ({) the two utilities."

a. Electricity?
O Yes, average monthly cost is $___________________.00
O No, included in rent Average monthly cost
O No, electricity not used
b. Gas?
O Yes, average monthly cost is $___________________.00
O No, included in rent Average monthly cost
O No, gas not used
c. Water?
O Yes, yearly cost is $____________.00
O No, included in rent or no charge (Yearly cost)
d. Oil, coal, kerosene, wood, etc.?
O Yes, yearly cost is $____________.00
O No, included in rent (Yearly cost)
O No, these fuels not used
[All]
H14. How are your living quarters heated?
Fill one circle for the kind of heat you use most.
O Steam or hot water system
O Central warm air furnace with ducts to the individual rooms, or central heat pump
O Built-in electric units (permanently installed in wall, ceiling, or baseboard)
O Floor, wall, or pipeless furnace
O Room heaters with flue or vent, burning gas, oil, or kerosene
O Room heaters without flue or vent, burning gas, oil, or kerosene (not portable)
O Fireplaces, stoves, or portable room heaters of any kind

In some other way--Describe ____________________

O None, unit has no heating equipment
"This question refers to the type of heating equipment and not to the fuel used. A heat pump is sometimes known as a reverse cycle system. A floor, wall, or pipeless furnace delivers warm air to the room right above the furnace or to the room(s) on one or both sides of the wall in which the furnace is installed. These furnaces do not have ducts leading to other rooms. Any heater that you plug into an electric outlet should be counted as a portable room heater -- not a built-in electric unit."

[All]
H15. About when was this building originally built?
Mark when the building was first constructed, not when it was remodeled, added to, or converted.
O 1969 or 1970 O 1950 to 1959
O 1965 to 1968 O 1940 to 1949
O 1960 or 1964 O 1939 or earlier
[All]
H16. Which best describes this building?
Include all apartments, flats, etc., even if vacant.
O A one-family house detached from any other house
O A one-family house attached to one or more houses
O A building for 2 families
O A building for 3 or 4 families
O A building for 5 to 9 families
O A building for 10 to 19 families
O A building for 20 to 49 families
O A building for 50 or more families
O A mobile home or trailer
Other -- Describe____________________
"Count all occupied and vacant living quarters in the house or building, but not stores or office space. Detached means there is open space on all sides, or the house is joined only to a shed or garage. Attached means that the house is joined to another house or building by at least one wall which goes from ground to roof."

[All]
H17. Is this building --
O On a city or suburban lots? - Skip to H19
O On a place of less than 10 acres?
O On a place of 10 acres or more?
"A city or suburban lot is usually located in a city, a community, or any built-up area outside a city or community, and is not larger than the house and yard. All living quarters in apartment buildings, including garden-type apartments in the city or suburbs, are considered on a city or suburban lot. A place is a farm, ranch, or any other property, other than a city or suburban lot, on which this residence is located."

[All]
H18. Last year, 1969, did sales of crops, livestock, and other farm products from this place amount to --
O Less than $50 (or None) O $2,500 to $4,999
O $50 to $249 O $5,000 to $9,999
O $250 to $2,499 O $10,000 or more
"Fill the circle for the total (gross) amount of money received from the sales of crops, livestock, and other farm products produced on this place during the calendar year 1969."

[Only on Form 2]
H19. Do you get water from --
O A public system (city water department, etc.) or private company?
O An individual well?
O Some other source (a spring, creek, river, cistern, etc.)?
"If a well provides water for six or more houses or apartments, mark a public system. If a well provides water for five or fewer houses or apartments, mark an individual well."

[Only on Form 2]
H20. Is this building connected to a public sewer?
O Yes, connected to public sewer
O No, connected to septic tank or cesspool
O No, use other means
"A public sewer is operated by a government body or a private organization. A septic tank or cesspool is an underground tank or pit used for disposal of sewage."

[Only on Form 2]
H21. How many bathrooms do you have?
A complete bathroom is a room with flush toilet, bathtub or shower, and wash
basin with piped water.
A half bathroom has at least a flush toilet or bathtub or shower, but does not have
all the facilities for a complete bathroom.
O No bathroom, or only a half bathroom
O 1 complete bathroom
O 1 complete bathroom, plus half bath(s)
O 2 complete bathrooms
O 2 complete bathrooms, plus half bath(s)
O 3 or more complete bathrooms
[Only on Form 2]
H22. Do you have air-conditioning?
O Yes, 1 individual room unit
O Yes, 2 or more individual room units
O Yes, a central air-conditioning system
O No
"Count only equipment with a refrigeration unit to cool the air. Mark an individual room unit for air conditioners which are installed in a window or in an outside wall and are used to cool one or more rooms. Mark a central system for a central installation which cools the entire house or apartment."

[Only on Form 2]
H23. How many passenger automobiles are owned or regularly used by members of your household?
Count company cars kept at home.
O None
O 1 automobile
O 2 automobiles
O 3 automobiles or more
"Do not count cars permanently out of working order. Also do not count taxicabs, pickups, or larger trucks."

[Only on Form 1]
H24a. How many stories (floors) are in this building?
O 1 to 3 stories
O 4 to 6 stories
O 7 to 12 stories
O 13 stories or more
"Do not count a basement as a story."

b. If 4 or more stories --
Is there a passenger elevator in this building?
O Yes O No
"Do not count elevators used only for freight."

[Only on Form 1]
H25. "Gas from underground pipes is piped in from a central system such as a public utility company or a municipal government. Bottled, tank, or LP gas is stored in tanks which are refilled or exchanged when empty. Other fuel includes any fuel not separately listed, for example, purchased steam, fuel briquettes, waste material, etc."

a. Which fuel is used most for cooking?
Gas... Coal or coke........ O
From underground pipes serving the neighborhood........ O Wood.................. O
Bottled, tank, or LP...................................................... O Other fuel............ O
Electricity.......................................................................... O No fuel used........ O
Fuel oil, kerosene, etc........................................................ O

b. Which fuel is used most for house heating?
Gas... Coal or coke........ O
From underground pipes serving the neighborhood...... O Wood.................. O
Bottled, tank, or LP..................................................... O Other fuel............ O
Electricity........................................................................ O No fuel used........ O
Fuel oil, kerosene, etc...................................................... O

c. Which fuel is used most for water heating?
Gas... Coal or coke........ O
From underground pipes serving the neighborhood........O Wood.................. O
Bottled, tank, or LP..................................................... O Other fuel............ O
Electricity........................................................................ O No fuel used........ O
Fuel oil, kerosene, etc...................................................... O

[Only on Form 1]
H26. How many bedrooms do you have?
Count rooms used mainly for sleeping even if used also for other purposes.
O No bedroom O 3 bedrooms
O 1 bedroom O 4 bedrooms
O 2 bedrooms O 5 bedrooms or more
[Only on Form 1]
H27.
"Mark the Yes circle whether you own the appliance or it is provided as part of the equipment in your living quarters. Do not count coin-operated equipment or appliances in storage."

a. Do you have a clothes washing machine?
O Yes, automatic or semi-automatic
O Yes, wringer or separate spinner
O No
b. Do you have a clothes dryer?
O Yes, electrically heated
O Yes, gas heated
O No
c. Do you have a dishwasher (built-in or portable)?
O Yes O No
d. Do you have a home food freezer which is separate from your refrigerator?
O Yes O No
[Only on Form 1]
H28a. Do you have a television set? Count only sets in working order.
O Yes, one set
O Yes, two or more sets
O No
b. If "Yes" -- Is any set equipped to receive UHF broadcasts, that is, channels 14 to 83?
O Yes O No
"Count any set equipped to receive UHF (ultra high frequency) broadcasts, even if there are no such broadcasts in your area. Include sets that can be tuned directly to channels 14 to 83 and sets that receive UHF broadcasts by means of a converter. Also include sets that receive UHF broadcasts through a community antenna (CATV) or master antenna."

[Only on Form 1]
H29. Do you have a battery-operated radio?
Count car radios, transistors, and other battery-operated sets in working order or needing only a new battery for operation.
O Yes O No
"A battery-operated radio is one that can be run on batteries and does not need to be plugged into an electric socket. Include batter-operated sets owned by any member of the household."

[Only on Form 1]
H30. Do you (or any member of your household) own a second home or other living quarters which you occupy sometime during the year?
O Yes O No
"Do not count vacation trailers, tents, or boats. Also do not count second homes used only for investment purposes."

ENDNOTES:

1. FOSDIC=Film Optical Sensing Device for Input to Computers. FOSDIC forms have small circles which respondents have to fill in with a Number 2 lead pencil.

FACSIMILE OF THE 1970 CENSUS QUESTIONNAIRE PAGE SHOWING THE 100-PERCENT HOUSING QUESTIONS HOUSEHOLD QUESTIONS

HA. How many housing units, occupied or vacant, are there in this structure?
O 1 unit. detached from any other unit
O 1 unit. attached to one or more other units
O 2 units
O 3 or 4 unit
O S to 9 unit
O 10 to 19 unit
O 20 to 49 units
O 5O or more unit
O Mobile home or trailer


H1. Is there a telephone on which people who live here can be called?
O Yes ------> What is the number?
O No
_______ (Phone number)

H2. Do you enter your living quarters --
O Directly from the outside or through a common or public hill?
O Through someone else's living quarters?

H3. Do you have cooking facilities? (Include a range, stove, or portable cooking facilities if used regularly in the preparation of meals.)
O Yes. for this household only
O Yes. but also used by another household
O No cooking facilities

H4. How many rooms do you have In your living quarters? (Count bedrooms, kitchen, living room, etc. but not the bathroom.)
0 1 room O 6 rooms
O 2 rooms O 7 rooms
O 3 rooms O 8 rooms
O 4 rooms O 9 rooms or more
0 5 rooms

H5. Is there hot and cold piped water in this structure?

O Yes. hot and cold piped water in this structure
O No. only cold piped water in this structure
O No piped water in this structure

H6. Is there a flush toilet in this structure?
O Yes. for this household only
O Yes. but also used by another household
O No flush toilet

H7. It there a bathtub or shower in this structure?
O Yes. for this household only
O Yes. but also used by another household
O No bathtub or shower

H8. Is your housing unit -
O Owned or being bought by you of someone else in this household (Include all housing units that are owned or being bought. ??? Do not inlude cooperatives or condominiums here)
O A cooperative or condominium which is owned or being bought by you or someone else in this household?
O Rented for cash rent?
O Occupied without payment of cash rent?

H9a. Is this building a one-family house?
O Yes. a one-family house
O No. a building for 2 or more families or a mobile home or trailer (Skip to H11)

H9b. If "YES" - Is this home on a place of 3 cuerdas or more, or it any part of this property used as a commercial establishment or medical office?
O Yes. 3 cuerdas or more
O Yes, commercial establishment or medical office
O No. none of these

H10. If you live in a one-family home which you own or are buying--
What is the value of this property: that is, how much do you think this property (house and land) would sell for if it were for sale? (If land is rented, estimate the value of the land and combine it with the value of the house.
O Less than $500
O $500 to $999
O $1,000 to $1,999
O $2,000 to $2,999
O $3,000 to $4,999
O $5,000 to $7,499
O $7,500 to $9,999
O $10,000 to $14,999
O $15,000 to $19,999
O $20,000 to $29,999
O $30,000 or more

H11. Answer this question if you pay rent for your housing unit.
a. If you pay rent by the month-
What is your monthly rent?
Write the amount here -->___________.00

AND
Fill one circle here
O Less than $10
O $10 to $19
O $20 to $29
O $30 to $39
O $40 to $49
O $50 to $59
O $60 to $69
O $70 to $79
O $80 to $89
O $90 to $99
O $100 to $119
O $120 to $149
O $150 to $199
O $200 or more
b. If you do not pay monthly rent-
What is your rent, and what period of time does it cover?

$________________.00 per ________________________
(Nearest dollar) (Week, half month, year)
.00

FOR CENSUS TAKER'S USE ONLY

a4. Black |a5. Serial
number | number
0 O O O 0 O O O 0
1 O O O 1 O O O 1
2 O O O 2 O O O 2
3 O O O 3 O O O 3
4 O O O 4 O O O 4
5 O O O 5 O O O 5
6 O O O 6 O O O 6
7 O O O 7 O O O 7
8 O O O 8 O O O 8
9 O O O 9 O O O 9

C. Type of housing unit or living quarters

Occupied
O First form
O Continuation

Vacant
O Regular
O Usual residence elsewhere

Group Quarters
O First form
O Continuation

For vacant housing units also answer questions D, E, A, H2 to H7, and H9 to Hll.

D. Vacancy status-
Year round
O For rent
O For sale only
O Rented or sold. not occupied
O For occasional use
O Other vacant

E. Months vacant
O Less than 1 month
O From 1 to 2 months
O From 2 to 6 months
O From 6 to 12 months
O From 1 year to 2 years
O 2 years or more

====================================================================
FACSIMILE OF THE 1970 CENSUS QUESTIONNAIRE PAGE SHOWING THE SAMPLE HOUSING QUESTIONS

Ask questions H12 to H14 if housing unit it owned or being bought.

H12. Is the owner of the housing unit also owner of the land or does he rent the land?
O Owner or buying the land
O Pays rent for the land
O Does not pay rent for use of the land

H13. If the land is rented-
What is the monthly rent for the land?
$________________.00
(nearest dollar)

H14. It there a mortgage on this property?
O Yes
O No

Ask question H15 if rented for cash.

H15. In addition to the rent (entered in H11), do you also pay for-

a. Electricity?
O Yes, average monthly cost is $_______________.00
O No, included in rent
O No, electricity not used

b. Gas?
O Yes, average monthly cost is $_______________.00
O No. included in rent
O No, gas not used

c. Water?
O Yes, yearly cost is $_______________.00
O No. included in rent or no charge

d. Oil, kerosene, charcoal, wood, etc.?
O Yes, yearly cost is $_______________.00
O No, included in rent
O No. these fuels not used

H16. Location and type of toilet
O Flush toilet inside structure
O Flush toilet outside structure, for this household only
O Flush toilet outside structure, also used by another household
O Privy
O No flush toilet or privy

H17. Location of piped water
O Inside structure
O Outside structure, on property
O Outside structure. on street, road, or highway
O No piped water

H18. Does this housing unit have a kitchen sink with piped water?
O Yes
O No

H19. What type of refrigerator do you have?
O Mechanical (electric or gas)
O Ice
O No refrigerator

H20. Type of cooking facilities.
O Range or cookstove
O Portable cooking facilities
O No cooking facilities

H21. Location of cooking facilities.
O In this structure
O In another structure
O Outdoors
O No cooking facilities

H22. Which fuel is used most for cooking?
O Wood
O Charcoal
O Utility gas
O Bottled or tank gas
O Electricity
O Kerosene, fuel oil, etc.
O Other fuel
O No fuel used

H23. How many bedrooms are there in this housing unit?
(Count the rooms used mainly for sleeping even if used for other purposes.)
O No bedrooms
O 1 bedroom
O 2 bedrooms
O 3 bedrooms
O 4 bedrooms
O 5 bedrooms or more

H24. Type of construction.
Masonry walls (poured concrete, concrete blocks, stone, ornamental blocks, etc.)
O With concrete slab roof
O With wood frame roof
Wood frame walls
O With masonry foundation, poured concrete, etc.
O With wood base foundation
O Other type of construction

H25. About when was this structure originally built?
Mark when this structure was constructed for the first time, not when it was remodeled, added to, etc.)
O 1969 or 1970
O 1965 to 1968
O 1960 to 1964
O 1950 to 1959
O 1940 10 1949
O 1939 or earlier

H26. Determine from the Address Register- is this house on a farm?
O Yes, on a farm (Skip to H28)
O No, not on a farm

H27. If not on a farm-
Do you produce any fruits or vegetables or keep any livestock on this place for home consumption?
O Yes
O No

H28. Does this housing unit have electric lighting?
O Yes
O No

H29. What means do you use to obtain water for your housing unit?
O Public system
O Individual well
O Cistern, tanks, or drums
O Irrigation canal
O Spring or other source (river, etc)

H30. Is this structure connected to a public sewer?
O Yes
O No, use septic tank
O No, use other means

H31. Do you have a television set?
(Count sets in working order)
O 1 set
O 2 or more sets
O None

H32a. Do you have a radio? (Include car radio)
O 1 or more
O None (skip to H33)

H32b. Is any of these battery-operated?
O Yes
O No

H33. How many passenger cars are owned or used regularly by members of this household?
O None
O 1 automobile
O 2 or more automobiles

H34. Condition of this housing unit--
Original construction adequate
O Sound
O Deteriorating
O Dilapidated
O Original construction inadequate

====================================================================
FACSIMILE OF THE POPULATION QUESTIONS ON THE 1970 CENSUS QUESTIONNAIRES
(Questions on this page appeared on both the 80-percent and 20-percent questionaires)
PERSON QUESTIONS

P1. WHAT IS THE NAME OF EACH PERSON who was living here on Wednesday, April 1. 1970 or who was staying or visiting here and had no other home?
Print names in this order:
Head of the household
Wife of head
Unmarried children, oldest first
Married children and their families
Other relatives of the head
Persons not related to the head
Last name ______________________________
First name ______________________________
Middle initial ____

P2. HOW IS EACH PERSON RELATED TO THE HEAD OF THIS HOUSEHOLD?
Fill one circle.
It "Other relative of head," also give exact relationship, for example, mother-in-law, brother, niece, grandson, etc.
It "Other not related to head," also give exact relationship, for example, partner, roomer's wife, maid, boarder's daughter, etc.
O Head of household
O Wife of head
O Son or daughter of head
O Other relatives of head - Print exact relationship _____________________
O Roomer, boarder, lodger
O Patient or inmate
O Other not related to head- Print exact relationship _____________________

P3. SEX
Fill one circle
O Male
O Female

DATE OF BIRTH

P4. Month and year of birth and age last birthday
Print
Month _____ Year _____ Age _____

P5. Month of birth
Fill one circle
O January-March
O April-June
O July-September
O October-December

P6. Year of birth
Fill one circle for first three numbers
O 186-
O 187-
O 188-
O 189-
O 190-
O 191-
O 192-
O 193-
O 194-
O 195-
O 196-
O 197-
Fill one circle for last number
O 0
O 1
O 2
O 3
O 4
O 5
O 6
O 7
O 8
O 9

P7. MARITAL STATUS
Is this person now-
O Married?
O Consensually married?
O Widowed?
O Divorced?
O Separated?
O Single?

RESPONDENT INSTRUCTIONS FOR POPULATION QUESTIONS 1 TO 7
Question 1. If you are not sure about whether to list a person,???
Question 2. If two or more unrelated people live together and share the rent, mark the first one you list "Head of the household." Mark the best "Other not related to head" and print "partner" in the space.
A stepchild or legally adopted child of the head should be marked "son or daughter of the head."
Question 4. If the month or year of birth, or the age, is not known give your best answer.
Questions 5, 6. If you are not sure how to fill the circles, look at the examples shown above.
Question 7. ???

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FACSIMILE OF THE POPULATION QUESTIONS ON THE 1970 CENSUS QUESTIONNAIRES
(Questions on this page appeared only on the 20-percent questionnaires)

Name of person on line (1) of page 2
Last name ________________________ First name ________________________ Initial ______

P12. Where was this person born?
It born in a hospital, give residence of the mother, not location of hospital
If born in Puerto Rico, mark the circle, or write the name of the municipio. If born outside of Puerto Rico, give State or territory of tha United States or foreign country.
O This municipio
Other: __________________________________
(Municipio, State, territory, or foreign country)

P13. Where was his father born?
O P.R.
Other: __________________________________
(Municipio, State, territory, or foreign country)

P14. Where was his mother born?
O P.R.
Other: __________________________________
(Municipio, State, territory, or foreign country)

P15. Does this person know how to read and write? (in any language)
O Yes
O No

P16. Can this person speak English?
O Yes
O No

P17. When did this person move into this house (or apartment)?
(Mark circle for date of last move.) .
O 1969 or 1970
O 1968
O 1967
O 1965 or 1966
O 1960 to 1964
O 1950 to 1959
O 1949 or earlier
O Always lived here

P18a. Was this person living here on April 1, 1965?
(If in college or Armed Forces in April 1965, report place of residence there.)

O Born in April 1965 or later (Skip to 19)
O Yes, in this house (Skip to 18c)
O No, in another house.

P18b. Where did he live on April 1, 1965?
OUTSIDE OF PUERTO RICO:
(1)__________________________________
(State, territory, or foreign country)

IN PUERTO RICO:
(2)__________________________________
(Municipio, barrio)

(3) Inside the limits of a city, town or village?
O Yes
O No
(4)__________________________________
(Name of city, town or village)

P18c. During the last 5 years, did he live in the United States at any time for 6 months or more?
O Yes
O No (Skip to 19)

P18d. What year did he return to Puerto Rico last time?
O 1965
O 1966
O 1967
O 1968
O 1969 or 1970

P18e. How long did he live in the United States (the last time)?
O 6 months to one year
O One or two years
O Three or four years
O Five years or more

P18f. When he lived in the United States, was he -
(Mark the appropriate circles)
O Working at a job or business (full or part-time)
O In the Armed Forces
O Attending school or college
O Doing something else (housework, retired, etc.)

P19. Since February 1,1970, has this person attended regular school or college at any time?
O No
O Yes, public school or college
O Yes, parochial school or college
O Yes, other private school

P20. What is the highest grade (or year) of regular school he has ever attended?
(If now attending, mark grade he is in)
O Never attended school (Skip to 22)
O Nursery school
O Kindergarten

Elementary through high school:
O O O O O O O O O O O O
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

College or university (Academic year)
O O O O O O
1 2 3 4 5 6 or more

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FACSIMILE OF THE POPULATION QUESTIONS ON THE 1970 CENSUS QUESTIONNAIRES
(Questions on this page appeared only on the 20-percent questionnaires)

P21. Did he finish the highest grade (or year) he attended?
O Now attending this grade
O Finished this grade
O Did not finish this grade

P22. When was this person born?
O Before April 1956
O Born April 1956 or later (Interview next person)

P23. If this is a girl or woman-
How many babies has she ever had, not counting stillbirths, stepchildren, or adopted children?

O O O O O O O O O O O O 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 or more None

P24. If this person is a man-
Has he at some time served in the Army, Navy, or other Armed Forces of the United States?
O Yes
O No

(Fill the circle for each period of service)
O Vietnam conflict (Since Aug. 1964)
O Korean War (June 1950 to Jan. 1955}
O World War II (Sept. 1940 to July 1947)
O World War 1 (April 1917 to Nov. 1918)
O Any other time

P25a. Has this person ever completed a vocational training program? (For example, in high school; as apprentice; in school of business, nursing, or industrial; technical institute, or Armed Forces schools).
O Yes
O No (Skip to 26)

P25b. What was his main field of training? (Fill one circle)
O Business, office work
O Nursing, other health field
O Trades and crafts (mechanic, electrician, barber, etc.)
O Engineering, draftsman
O Agriculture or home economics
O Other field -
(Specify)__________________________________

P26a. Did, this person work at any time last week? Include part-time work such as a Saturday job, home needlework, or helping without pay in a family business or farm, and active duty in the Armed Forces. Do not include own housework.
O Yes (Continue with 26b)
O No (Skip to 27)

P26b. How many hours did this person work last week? (at all jobs)
O 1 to 14 hours
O 15 to 29 hours
O 30 to 34 hours
O 35 to 39 hours
O 40 hours
O 41 to 48 hours
O 49 to 59 hours
O 60 hours or more

P26c. Where did he work last week? (If he worked at more than one place, indicate the place where he worked most last week.)
(1) Address - Number and street name
__________________________________
(2) Name of city, town, village, etc.
__________________________________
(3) Inside the limits of this city, town, village, etc.?
O Yes
O No
(4) Barrio __________________________________
(5) Municipio __________________________________
(6) Zip code __________________________________

P26d. What means of transportation did he use to get to work? (Mark the most recently used one.)
O Driver, private car
O Taxi
O Passenger, private car
O Walked only
O Bus
O Worked at home
O Public car
O Ferry boat
O Other means
Specify __________________________________

P27. Does this person have a job or business from which he was temporarily absent or on layoff last week?
O Yes, on layoff
O Yes, on vacation, temporary illness, labor dispute, etc.
O No

P28a. Has he been looking for work during the past 4 weeks?
O Yes
O No (Skip to 29)

P28b. Was there any reason why he could not take a job last week?
O Yes, already has a job
O Yes, due to this person's illness
O Yes, for other reasons
O No could have taken a job

P29. When did he last work at all, even for a few days?
O In 1970
O In 1969
O In 1968
O 1964-1967
O 1960-1963
O 1959 or earlier (Skip to 35)
O Never worked (Skip to 35)

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FACSIMILE OF THE POPULATION QUESTIONS ON THE 1970 CENSUS QUESTIONNAIRES
(Questions on this page appeared only on the 20-percent questionnaires)

30-32. Show in questions 30-32 this person's job or business during the last week. If he had no job or business last week, give information for most recent job or business since 1960.

P30a. For whom did he work?
______________________________________________
(Name of company, organization, or other employer)

O Now serving in the Armed Forces (Skip to 33)

P30b. What kind of business or industry was this?
______________________________________________
(For example: Junior high school, retail supermarket. TV and radio service, dairy farm, sugar mill, etc)

P30c. Is this business or industry mainly -
O Manufacturing
O Wholesale trade
O Retail trade
O Other (agriculture, construction, government, service, etc.)

P31a. What kind of work was he doing?
______________________________________________
(For example: TV repairman, seamstress, civil engineer. farm operator, junior high school English teacher, etc.)

P31b. What were the most important activities or duties?
______________________________________________
(For example: Types, keeps account books, filing, selling cars, janitor, bricklayer, etc.)

P32. Class of worker: Mark from the information in 30-31. or ask if not clear.
O Employee of private company, business, or individual. for wages, salary, or commissions
O Employee of Federal government
O Employee of Commonwealth government
O Employee of municipal government
Self-employed, in own business, farm, etc?
O Own business not incorporated
O Own business incorporated
O Work without pay in a family business or farm

P33a. During last year (1969), did this person work at all, even for a few days?
O Yes
O No (Skip to 35)

P33b. How many weeks did he work in 1969, either full-time or part-time?
(Count paid vacation, paid sick leave, and military service.)
O 13 weeks or less
O 14 to 26 weeks
O 27 to 39 weeks
O 40 to 47 weeks
O 48 to 49 weeks
O 50 to 52 weeks

P34a. How much did this person earn during 1969 in wages, salary, commissions, bonuses, or tips from all jobs?
(Before deductions for taxes, etc)
$__________________.00
(Nearest dollar)

O None

P34b. How much did he earn in 1969 from his own business, professional practice, or partnership?
(Net amount after Operating expenses.)
$__________________.00
(Nearest dollar)

O None

P34c. How much did he earn in 1969 from-his own farm?
(Net amount after operating expenses.)
$__________________.00
(Nearest dollar)

O None

P35a. How much did this person-receive in 1969 from Social Security or retirement?
$__________________.00
(Nearest dollar)

O None

P35b. How much money did he receive in 1969 from public assistance or welfare payments?
(Include aid to minors. old age assistance, general assistance, aid to the blind or totally disabled. Exclude separate payments for hospital or other medical care.)
$__________________.00
(Nearest dollar)

O None

P35c. How much did he receive in 1969 from other sources?
(Include interests, dividends, veterans' payments, pensions and other regular payments.)
$__________________.00
(Nearest dollar)

O None

The 1970 census was taken principally by means of a separate questionnaire (a 9 1/2" X107/8" booklet) for each household, completed by the respondent.

Population inquiries 2-8 were asked for all persons. The remaining questions were asked on a sample basis: some at every fifth household (15 percent), others at every twentieth household (5 percent), and some at both (20 percent).

Except for questions on Spanish origin or descent, citizenship, year of immigration, vocational training completed, presence and duration of disability, and activity 5 years ago, the 1970 population items were comparable to those in 1960.

All answers were designed for self-identification on the part of the respondent, but the enumerator was allowed to fill in blanks by observation when this was possible. For item 4 (color or race), it was assumed that the respondents relatives living in the unit were also of the same race unless the census taker learned otherwise. The enumerators manual included a long list of possible written-in entries and how they were to be classified: For example, "Chicano," "LaRaza," "Mexican American," "Moslem," or "Brown" were to be changed to White, while "Brown (Negro)" would be considered as Negro or Black for census purposes.

Although not specified on the questionnaire, the enumerator was instructed to limit question 25 (children ever born) to mothers who were or had been married unless a son or daughter had been listed.

The housing items were part of the household questionnaire. Except for the elimination of the inquiries on condition and land used for farming, and the addition of items on dishwashers and second homes, the 1970 housing items were much the same as those used in 1960.

The 1970 definition of a housing unit specified "complete kitchen facilities" rather than just cooking equipment as in 1960.

Question A and H1 through H12 were asked for all housing units, and H13 through H30 on a sample basis only. At vacant units, the enumerator completed only those items marked with a double underscore.

Please fill out this official Census Form and mail it back on Census Day, Tuesday, April 1, 1980

A message from the Director, Bureau of the Census ...

We must, from time to time, take stock of ourselves as a people if our Nation is to meet successfully the many national and local challenges we face. This is the purpose of the 1980 census.

The essential need for a population census was recognized almost 200 years ago when our Constitution was written. As provided by article I, the first census was conducted in 1790 and one has been taken every 10 years since then.

The law under which the census is taken protects the confidentiality of your answers. For the next 72 years - or until April 1, 2052 - only sworn census workers have access to the individual records, and no one else may see them.

Your answers, when combined with the answers from other people, will provide the statistical figures needed by public and private groups, schools, business and industry, and Federal, State, and local governments across the country. These figures will help all sectors of American society understand how our population and housing are changing. In this way, we can deal more effectively with today's problems and work toward a better future for all of us.

The census is a vitally important national activity. Please do your part by filling out this census form accurately and completely. If you mail it back promptly in the enclosed postage-paid envelope, it will save the expense and inconvenience of a census taker having to visit you.

Thank you for your cooperation.

Your answers are confidential

By law (title 13 U.S. Code), census employees are subject to fine and/or imprisonment for any disclosure of your answers. Only after 72 years does your information become available to other government agencies or the public. The same law requires that you answer the questions to the best of your knowledge.

Para personas de habla hispana

(For Spanish-speaking persons)

SI USTED DESEA UN CUESTIONARIO DEL CENSO EN ESPANOL llame a la oficina del censo. El nú mero de telé fono se encuentra en el encasillado de la direcció n. O, si prefiere, marque esta casilla ¢ y devuelva el cuestionario por correo en el sobre que se le incluye.

How to fill out your Census Form

See the filled-out example [omitted] in the yellow instruction guide [that is, the separate instructions accompanying the questionnaire]. This guide will help with any problems you may have. If you need more help, call the Census Office. The telephone number of the local office is shown at the bottom of the address box on the front cover.

Use a black pencil to answer the questions. Black pencil is better to use than ballpoint or other pens. Fill circles "O" completely, like this. l When you write in an answer, print or write clearly.

Make sure that answers are provided for everyone here. See page 4 of the guide if a roomer or someone else in the household does not want to give you all the information for the form.

Answer the questions on pages 1 through 5, and then starting with pages 6 and 7, fill a pair of pages for each person in the household. Check your answers. Then write your name, the date, and telephone number on page 20.

Mail back this form on Tuesday, April 1, or as soon afterward as you can. Use the enclosed envelope; no stamp is needed.

Please start by answering Question 1 below.

1980 Population Questions
[The form provides a column for each individual within the household to respond separately to each question listed below.]

1. What is the name of each person who was living here on Tuesday, April 1, 1980, or who was staying or visiting here and had no other home?

List in Question 1

Family members living here, including babies still in the hospital

Relatives living here

Lodgers or boarders living here

Other persons living here

College students who stay here while attending college, even if their parents live elsewhere

Persons who usually live here but are temporarily away (including children in boarding school below the college level)

Persons with a home elsewhere but who stay here most of the week while working

Do not list in Question 1

Any person away from here in the Armed Forces

Any college student who stays somewhere else while attending college.

Any person who usually stays somewhere else most of the week while working there.

Any person away from here in an institution such as a home for the aged or mental hospital.

Any person staying or visiting here who has a usual home elsewhere.


Last name
________________________________

First name Middle initial
________________________________

"List in question 1 ... the names of all the people who usually live here. Then turn to pages 2 and 3 where there are columns to list up to seven persons. In the first column print the name of one of the household members in whose name this home is owned or rented. If no household member owns or rents the living quarters, list in the first column any adult household member who is not a roomer, boarder, or paid employee. Print the names of the other household members, if any, in the columns which follow, using question 1 as a checklist."

2. How is this person related to the person in column 1 [i.e., to the householder]?
Fill one circle. If "Other relative" of person in column 1, give exact relationship, such as mother-in-law, niece, grandson, etc.

If relative of person in column 1:
O Husband/wife
O Son/daughter
O Brother/sister
O Father/mother
O Other relative _______________
If not related to person in column 1:
O Roomer, boarder
O Partner, roommate
O Paid employee
O Other nonrelative _______________
"Fill a circle to show how each person is related to the person in column 1. A stepchild or legally adopted child of the person in column 1 should be marked Son/daughter. Foster children or wards living in the household should be marked Roomer, boarder."

3. Sex.
Fill one circle.
O Male O Female
"Be sure to fill a circle for the sex of each person."

4. Is this person -
Fill one circle.
O White O Asian Indian
O Black or Negro O Hawaiian
O Japanese O Guamanian
O Chinese O Samoan
O Filipino O Eskimo
O Korean O Aleut
O Vietnamese O Other - Specify __________
O Indian (Amer.)
Print tribe _______________
"Fill the circle for the category with which the person most closely identifies. If you fill the Indian (American) or Other circle, be sure to print the name of the specific Indian tribe or specific group."

5. Age, and month and year of birth
a. Age at last birthday
Print age at last birthday.
__________

b. Month of birth
Print month and fill one circle.
O Jan. - Mar.
O Apr. - June
O July - Sept.
O Oct. - Dec.
c. Year of birth
Print year in the spaces, and fill one circle below each number.
___ ___ ___ ___
1 O 8 O 0 O 0 O
9 O 1 O 1 O
2 O 2 O
3 O 3 O
4 O 4 O
5 O 5 O
6 O 6 O
7 O 7 O
8 O 8 O
9 O 9 O

"Enter age at last birthday in the space provided (enter "0" for babies less than one year old). Also enter month and year of birth, and fill the appropriate circles. For an illustration of how to complete question 5, see the example on pages 4 and 5 [not shown here]. If age or month or year of birth is not known, give your best estimate."

6. Marital Status
Fill one circle.
O Now married O Separated
O Widowed O Never married
O Divorced
"If the person's only marriage was annulled, mark Never married."

7. Is this person of Spanish/Hispanic origin or descent?
Fill one circle.
O No ( not Spanish/Hispanic)
O Yes, Mexican, Mexican-Amer., Chicano
O Yes, Puerto Rican
O Yes, Cuban
O Yes, other Spanish/Hispanic
"A person is of Spanish/Hispanic origin or descent if the person identifies his or her ancestry with one of the listed groups, that is, Mexican, Puerto Rican, etc. Origin or descent (ancestry) may be viewed as the nationality group, the lineage, or country in which the person or the person's parents or ancestors were born."

8. Since February 1, 1980, has this person attended regular school or college at any time?
Fill one circle. Count nursery school, kindergarten, elementary school, and schooling which leads to a high school diploma or college degree.
O No, has not attended since February 1
O Yes, public school, public college
O Yes, private, church-related
O Yes, private, not church-related
"Do not count enrollment in a trade or business school, company training, or tutoring unless the course would be accepted for credit at a regular elementary school, high school, or college. A public school is any school or college which is controlled and supported primarily by a local, county, State, or Federal Government."

9. What is the highest grade (or year) of regular school this person has ever attended?
Fill one circle. If now attending school, mark grade person is in. If high school was finished by equivalency test (GED), mark "12."
Highest grade attended:
O Nursery school O Kindergarten

Elementary through high school (grade or year)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
O O O O O O O O O O O O

College (academic year)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 or more
O O O O O O O O

O Never attended school - Skip question 10
"Fill only one circle. Mark the highest grade ever attended even if the person did not finish it. If the person is still in school, mark the grade in which now enrolled. Schooling received in foreign or ungraded schools should be reported as the equivalent grade or year in the regular American school system. If uncertain whether a Head Start program is for nursery school or kindergarten, mark the circle for Nursery school.

"If the person skipped or repeated grades, mark the highest grade ever attended regardless of how long it took to get there. Persons who did not attend any college but who completed high school by finishing the 12th grade or by passing an equivalency test, such as the General Educational Development (GED) examination. should fill the circle for the 12th grade."

10. Did this person finish the highest grade (or year) attended?
Fill once circle.
O Now attending this grade (or year)
O Finished this grade (or year)
O Did not finish this grade (or year)
"Mark Finished this grade (or year) only if the person finished the entire grade or year marked in question 9 or if the highest grade was completed by passing a high school equivalency test."

11. In what State or foreign country was this person born?
Print the State where this person's mother was living when this person was born. Do not give the location of the hospital unless the mother's home and the hospital were in the same State.

Name of State or foreign country; or Puerto Rico, Guam, etc. "For persons born in the United States:
Print the name of the State in which this person's mother was living when this person was born. For persons born in a hospital, do not give the State in which the hospital was located unless the hospital and the mother's home were in the same State or the location of the mother's home is not known. For example, if a person was born in a hospital in Washington D.C., but the mother's home was in Virginia at the time of the person's birth, enter "Virginia."

"For persons born outside the United States:
Print the full name of the foreign country or Puerto Rico, Guam, etc., where the person was born. Use international boundaries as now recognized by the United States. Specify whether Northern Ireland or Ireland (Eire); East or West Germany; England, Scotland or Wales (not Great Britain or United Kingdom). Specify the particular island in the Caribbean, not, for example West Indies."

12. If this person was born in a foreign country --

"This question is only for persons born in a foreign country. Fill the Yes, a naturalized citizen circle only if the person has completed the naturalization process and is now a citizen. If the person has entered the U.S. more than once, fill the circle for the year he or she came to stay permanently."

a. Is this person a naturalized citizen of the United States?
O Yes, a naturalized citizen
O No, not a citizen
O Born abroad of American parents
b. When did this person come to the United States to stay?
O 1975 to 1980 O 1965 to 1969 O 1950 to 1959
O 1970 to 1974 O 1960 to 1964 O Before 1950
13a. Does this person speak a language other than English at home?
O Yes O No, only speaks English - Skip to 14
"Mark No, only speaks English if the person always speaks English at home; then skip to question 14. Mark Yes if the person speaks a language other than English at home. Do not mark Yes for a language spoken only at school or if speaking ability is limited to a few expressions or slang."

b. What is this language?
__________________________________________
(For example - Chinese, Italian, Spanish, etc.)

"Print the non-English language spoken at home. If this person speaks two or more non-English languages at home and cannot determine which is spoken most often, report the first language the person learned to speak."

c. How well does this person speak English?
O Very well O Not well
O Well O Not at all
"Fill the circle that best describes the person's ability to speak English.
(1) The circle Very well should be filled for persons who have no difficulty speaking English.
(2) The circle Well should be filled for persons who have only minor problems which do not
seriously limit their ability to speak English.
(3) The circle Not well should be filled for persons who are seriously limited in their ability to speak English.
(4) The circle Not at all should be filled for persons who do not speak English at all."

14. What is this person's ancestry? If uncertain about how to report ancestry, see instruction guide.

(For example: Afro-Amer., English, French, German, Honduran, Hungarian, Irish, Italian, Jamaican,
Korean, Lebanese, Mexican, Nigerian, Polish, Ukrainian, Venezuelan, etc.)

"Print the ancestry group with which the person identifies. Ancestry (or origin or descent ) may be viewed as the nationality group, the lineage, or the country in which the person or the person's parents or ancestors were born before their arrival in the United States. Persons who are of more than one origin and who cannot identify with a single group should print their multiple ancestry (for example, German - Irish). Be specific; for example, if ancestry is "Indian," specify whether American Indian, Asian Indian, or West Indian. Distinguish Cape Verdean from Portuguese, and French Canadian from Canadian. A religious group should not be reported as a person's ancestry."

15a. Did this person live in this house five years ago (April 1, 1975)?
If in college or Armed Force in April 1975, report place of residence there.
O Born April 1975 or later - Turn to next page for next person
O Yes, this house - Skip to 16
O No, different house
"Mark Yes, this house if this person lived in this same house or apartment on April 1, 1975, but moved away and came back between then and now. Mark No, different house if this person lived in the same building but in a different apartment (or in the same mobile home or trailer but on a different trailer site)."

b. Where did this person live five years ago (April 1, 1975)?
(1) State, foreign country, Puerto Rico, Guam, etc.: _____________________
(2) County: ____
(3) City, town, village, etc.: _______________________________________
(4) Inside the incorporated (legal) limits of that city, town, village, etc.?
O Yes O No, in unincorporated area
"If this person lived in a different house or apartment on April 1, 1975, give the location of this person's usual home at that time.
Part (1) If the person was living in the United States on April 1, 1975, print the name of the State. If the person did not live in the United States on April 1, 1975, print the full name of the foreign country or Puerto Rico, Guam, etc.
Part (2) If in Louisiana, print the parish name. If in Alaska, print the borough name. If in New York City - print the borough name if the county name is not known. If an independent city, leave blank.
Part (3) If in Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island or Vermont, print the name of the town rather than the name of the village or city, unless the name of the town is unknown.
Part (4) Mark Yes if you know that the location is now inside the limits of a city, town, village or other incorporated place, even if it was not inside the limits on April 1, 1975."

16. When was this person born?
O Born before April 1965 - Please go on with questions 17 - 33
O Born April 1965 or later - Turn to next page for next person
17. In April 1975 (five years ago) was this person -
a. On active duty in the Armed Forces?
O Yes O No
"Mark Yes only if this person was on active duty in the U.S. Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, or Coast Guard. Mark No if the person was in the National Guard or the reserves."

b. Attending college?
O Yes O No
"Mark Yes if the person was attending a college or university either full or part time and was enrolled for credit toward a degree. Mark No if the person was taking only non-credit courses or was attending a vocational or trade school, such as secretarial school."

c. Working at a job or business?
O Yes, full time
O No
O Yes, part time
"Mark Yes, full time if the person worked full time (35 hours or more per week). Mark Yes, part time if the person worked part time (less than 35 hours per week). Mark No if the person only did unpaid volunteer work, housework or yard work at own home, or if the only work done was as a resident of an institution."

18a. Is this person a veteran of active-duty military service in the Armed Forces of the United States?
If service was in National Guard or Reserves only, see instruction guide.
O Yes O No - Skip to 19
"Mark Yes if this person was ever on active duty in the U.S. Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, or Coast Guard, even if the time served was short. For persons in the National Guard or military reserve units, mark Yes only if the person was ever called to active duty; mark No if the only service was active duty for training."

b. Was active-duty military service during -
Fill a circle for each period in which this person served.
O May 1975 or later
O Vietnam era (August 1964 - April 1975)
O February 1955 - July 1964
O Korean conflict (June 1950 - January 1955)
O World War II (September 1940 - July 1947)
O World War I (April 1917 - November 1918)
O Any other time
"If this person served during more than one period, fill all circles which apply, even if service was for a short time."

19. Does this person have a physical, mental, or other health condition which has lasted for 6 or more months and which. . .
Yes No
a. Limits the kind or amount of work this person can do at a job? O O

b. Prevents this person from working at a job? O O

c. Limits or prevents this person from using public transportation? O O

"The term "health condition" refers to any physical or mental problem which has lasted for 6 or more months. A serious problem with seeing, hearing, or speech should be considered a health condition. Pregnancy or a temporary health problem such as a broken bone that is expected to heal normally should not be considered a health condition."

20. If this person is a female -
How many babies has she ever had, not counting stillbirths?
Do not count her stepchildren or children she has adopted.
None 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 or more
O O O O O O O O O O O O O
"Count all children born alive, including any who have died (even shortly after birth) or who no longer live with her."

21. If this person has ever been married -
a. Has this person been married more than once?
O Once O More than once
â â
b. Month and year of marriage? Month and year of first marriage?
__________________________ ____________________________
(Month) (Year) (Month) (Year)
"If the exact date of marriage is not known, give your best estimate."

c. If married more than once -
Did the first marriage end because of the death of the husband (or wife)?
O Yes O No
22a. Did this person work at any time last week?
O Yes - Fill this circle if this person worked full time or part time. (Count part-time work such as delivering papers, or helping without pay in a family business or farm. Also count active duty in the Army Forces.)
O No - Fill this circle if this person did not work, or did only own housework, school work, or volunteer work. Skip to 25
"Mark Yes if the person worked, either full or part time, on any day of last week (Sunday through Saturday).

Count as work:
Work for someone else for wages, salary, piece rate, commission, tips, or payments "in kind" (for example, food, lodging received as payment for work performed).
Work in own business, professional practice, or farm.
Any work in a family business or farm, paid or not.
Any part-time work including babysitting, paper routes, etc.
Active duty in Armed Forces.
Do not count as work:
Housework or yard work at home
Unpaid volunteer work.
Work done as a resident of an institution.
b. How many hours did this person work last week (at all jobs)?
Subtract any time off; add overtime or extra hours worked.
_______________ Hours

"Give the actual number of hours worked at all jobs last week, even if that was more or fewer hours than usually worked."

23. At what location did this person work last week?
If this person worked at more than one location, print where he or she worked most last week. If one location cannot be specified, see instruction guide.

"If the person worked at several locations, but reported to the same location each day to begin work, print where he or she reported. If the person did not report to the same location each day to begin work, print the words "various locations" for 23a, and give as much information as possible in the remainder of 23 to identify the area in which he or she worked most last week. If the person's employer operates in more than one location (such as a grocery store chain or public school system), give the exact address of the location or branch where the person worked. If the person worked in a foreign country or Puerto Rico, Guam, etc., print the name of the country in 23e and leave the other parts of 23 blank."

a. Address (Number and street)
________________________________________
If street address is not known, enter the building name, shopping center, or other physical location description.

b. Name of city, town, village, borough, etc.
_______________

c. Is this place of work inside the incorporated (legal) limits of that city, town, village, borough, etc.?
O Yes O No, in unincorporated area
d. County _____________________
e. State __________ f. ZIP Code _______________________

24a. Last week, how long did it usually take this person to get from home to work (one way)?
__________ Minutes

"Travel time is from door to door. Include time taken waiting for public transportation, picking up passengers in carpools, etc."

b. How did this person usually get to work last week?
If this person used more than one method, give the one usually used for most of the distance.
O Car O Taxicab
O Truck O Motorcycle
O Van O Bicycle
O Bus or streetcar O Walked only
O Railroad O Worked at home
O Subway or elevated O Other - Specify ____________________________
If car, truck, or van in 24b, go to 24c. Otherwise, skip to 28.
"Mark Worked at home for a person who works on a farm where he or she lives, or in an office or shop in the person's home."

c. When going to work last week, did this person usually -
O Drive alone - Skip to 28 O Drive others only
O Share driving O Ride as passenger only
"If the person was driven to work by someone who then drove back home or to a non-work destination., mark Drive alone."

d. How many people, including this person, usually rode to work in the car, truck, or van last week?
O 2 O 4 O 6
O 3 O 5 O 7 or more
After answering 24d, skip to 28. "Do not include riders who rode to school or some other non-work destination."

25. Was this person temporarily absent or on layoff from a job or business last week?
O Yes, on layoff
O Yes, on vacation, temporary illness, labor dispute, etc.
O No
"If the person works only during certain seasons or on a day-to-day basis when work is available, mark No."

26a. Has this person been looking for work during the last 4 weeks?
O Yes O No - Skip to 27
"Mark Yes if the person tried to get a job or to start a business or professional practice at any time in the last four weeks; for example, registered at an employment office, went to a job interview, placed or answered ads, or did anything toward starting a business or professional practice."

b. Could this person have taken a job last week?
O No, already has a job
O No, temporarily ill
O No, other reasons (in school, etc.)
O Yes, could have taken a job
"Mark No, already has a job if the person was on layoff or was expecting to report to a job within 30 days. Mark No, temporarily ill if the person expects to be able to work within 30 days. Mark No, other reasons if the person could not have taken a job because he or she was going to school, taking care of children, etc."

27. When did this person last work, even for a few days?
O 1980 O 1978 O 1970 to 1974 - Skip to 31d
O 1979 O 1975 to 1977 O 1969 or earlier - Skip to 31d
O Never worked - Skip to 31d
"Look at the instructions for 22a to see what to count as work. Mark Never worked if the person: (1) never worked at any kind of job or business, either full or part time, (2) never did any work, with or without pay, in a family business or farm and (3) never served in the Armed Forces."

28-30. Current or most recent job activity
Describe clearly this person's chief job activity or business last week. If this person had more than one job, describe the one at which this person worked the most hours. If this person had no job or business last week, give information for last job or business since 1975.

28. Industry
a. For whom did this person work?
If now on active duty in the Armed Forces, print "AF" and skip to question 31.

_________
(Name of company, business, organization, or other employer)

"If the person worked for a company, business, or government agency, print the name of the company, not the name of the person's supervisor. If the person worked for an individual or a business that has no company name, print the name of the individual worked for. If the person worked in his or her own business, print ' self-employed."

b. What kind of business or industry was this?
Describe the activity at location where employed.

_________
(For example: Hospital, newspaper publishing, mail order house, auto engine
manufacturing, breakfast cereal manufacturing)

"Print two or more words to tell what the business, industry, or individual employer named in 28a does. If there is more than one activity, describe only the major activity at the place where the person works. Enter what is made, what is sold, or that service is given. Some examples of what is needed to make an answer acceptable are shown on the census form and here.
Unacceptable Acceptable
Furniture company Metal furniture manufacturing
Grocery store Wholesale grocery store
Oil company Retail gas station
Ranch Cattle ranch
c. Is this mainly - (Fill one circle)
O Manufacturing O Retail trade
O Wholesale trade O Other - (agriculture, construction, service, government, etc.)
"Mark Manufacturing if the factory, plant, mill, etc., mostly makes things, even if it also sells them. Mark Wholesale trade if the business mostly sells things to stores or other companies. Mark Retail trade if the business mostly sells things (not services) to individuals. Mark Other if the main activity of the employer is not making or selling things. Some examples of Other are farming, construction, and services such as those provided by hotels, dry cleaners, repair shops, schools, and banks."

29. Occupation
a. What kind of work was this person doing?
_______________________
(For example: Registered nurse, personnel manager, supervisor of order department, gasoline engine assembler, grinder operator)

"Print two or more words to describe the kind of work the person does. If the person is a trainee, apprentice, or helper, include that in the description. Some examples of what is needed to make an answer acceptable are shown on the census form and here.
Unacceptable Acceptable
Clerk Production clerk
Helper Carpenter's helper
Mechanic Auto engine mechanic
Nurse Registered nurse
b. What were this person's most important activities or duties?
_______________________
(For example: Patient care, directing hiring policies, supervising order clerks. assembling engines, operating grinding mill)

"Print the most important things that the person does on the job. Some examples are shown on the census form."

30. Was this person - (Fill one circle)
Employee of private company, business, or individual, for wages, salary, or commissions. . . . O
Federal government employee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . O
State government employee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . O
Local government employee (city, county, etc.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .O
Self-employed in own business, professional practice, or farm -
Own business not incorporated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. O
Own business incorporated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .O
Working without pay in family business or farm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .O
"If the person was an employee of a private nonprofit organization, such as a church, fill the first circle. Mark Local government employee for a teacher working in an elementary or secondary public school."

31a. Last year (1979), did this person work, even for a few days, at a paid job or in a business or farm?
O Yes O No - Skip to 31d
"Look at the instructions for question 22a to see what to count as work."

b. How many weeks did this person work in 1979?
Count paid vacation, paid sick leave, and military service.
__________________ Weeks

"Count every week in which the person did any work at all, even for an hour."

c. During the weeks worked in 1979, how many hours did this person usually work each week?
__________________ Hours

"If the hours worked each week varied considerably, give the best estimate of the hours usually worked most weeks."

d. Of the weeks not worked in 1979 (if any), how many weeks was this person looking for work or on layoff from a job?
__________________ Weeks

"Count every week in which the person did not work at all, but spent any time looking for work or on layoff from a job. Looking for work means trying to get a job or start a business or professional practice; layoff includes either temporary or indefinite layoff."

32. Income in 1979 -
Fill circles and print dollar amounts.
If net income was a loss, write "Loss" above the dollar amount.
If exact amount is not known, give best estimate.
For income received jointly by household members, see instruction guide.

During 1979 did this person receive any income from the following sources?
If "Yes" to any of the sources below - How much did this person receive for the entire year?

"Fill the Yes or No circle for each part and enter the appropriate amount. If income from any source was received jointly by household members, report if possible, the appropriate share for each person; otherwise, report the whole amount for only one person and mark No for the other person, unless the other person has additional income of the same type."

a. Wages, salary, commissions, bonuses, or tips from all jobs . . .
Report amount before deductions for taxes, bonds, dues, or other items.
O Yes - $____________________.00
(Annual amount - Dollars)
O No
"Include sick leave pay. Do not include reimbursement for business expenses and pay "in kind," (for example, food, lodging received as payment for work performed)."

b. Own nonfarm business, partnership, or professional practice . . .
Report net income after business expenses.
O Yes - $____________________.00
(Annual amount - Dollars)
O No
"Include net earnings (gross receipts minus operating expenses) from a nonfarm business. If business lost money, write "Loss" above the amount."

c. Own farm . . .
Report net income after operating expenses. Include earnings as a tenant farmer or sharecropper.
O Yes - $____________________.00
(Annual amount - Dollars)
O No
"Include net earnings (gross receipts minus operating expenses) from a farm. If farm lost money, write "Loss" above the amount."

d. Interest, dividends, royalties, or net rental income . . .
Report even small amounts credited to an account.
O Yes - $____________________.00
(Annual amount - Dollars)
O No
"Include interest and dividends credited to the person's account (for example, from savings accounts and stock shares), net royalties, and net income from rental property."

e. Social Security or Railroad Retirement . . .
O Yes - $____________________.00
(Annual amount - Dollars)
O No
"Include Social Security or Railroad Retirement payments to retired persons, to dependents of deceased insured workers and to disabled workers."

f. Supplemental Security (SSI), Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), or other public assistance or public welfare payments . . .
O Yes - $____________________.00
(Annual amount - Dollars)
O No
"Include public assistance or welfare payments received from Federal, State, or local agencies. Do not include private welfare payments."

g. Unemployment compensation, veterans' payments, pensions, alimony or child support, or any other sources of income received regularly . . .
Exclude lump-sum payments such as money from an inheritance or the sale of a home.
O Yes - $____________________.00
(Annual amount - Dollars)
O No
"Include all other regular payments, such as government employee retirement, union or private pensions and annuities; unemployment benefits; worker's compensation; Armed Forces allotments; private welfare payments; regular contributions from persons not living in the household; etc. Do not include lump-sum payments received from the sale of property (capital gains), insurance policies, inheritances, etc."

33. What was this person's total income in 1979?
Add entries in questions 32a through g; subtract any losses.
If total amount was a loss, write "Loss" above amount.
$____________________.00 OR O None
(Annual amount - Dollars)
"If no income was received in 1979, fill the None circle. If total income was a loss, write "Loss" above the amount."

1980 Housing Questions

Item A follows item 10 of the person questions. It was used by the enumerator to indicate whether the listed person was an inmate of an institutional type of group quarters or a resident of non-institutional group quarters.

H1-H3 and H4-H12 were asked at all occupied housing units. H13-H33 were sample items. B, C and D as well as information required for vacant units were all filled in by the enumerator.

If you live in an apartment building and you do not know the answers to questions H14, H15, H16, and H25, ask the person who runs your building (for example, the manager, rental agent, superintendent, janitor, etc.).

B. TYPE OF UNIT OR QUARTERS
Occupied
O First form
O Continuation
Vacant
O Regular
O Usual home elsewhere
Group quarters
O First form
O Continuation

FOR VACANT UNITS

C1. Is this unit for--
O Year round use
O Seasonal/Mig. -- Skip C2, C3, and D.

C2. Vacancy Status
O For rent
O For sale only
O Rented or sold, not occupied
O Held for occasional use
O Other vacant

C3. Is this unit boarded up?
O Yes
O No

D. Months vacant
O Less than 1 month
O 1 up to 2 months
O 2 up to 6 months
O 6 up to 12 months
O 1 year up to 2 years
O 2 or more years

H1. Did you leave anyone out of Question 1 because you were not sure if the person should be listed - for example, a new baby still in the hospital, a lodger who also has another home, or a person who stays here once in a while and has no other home?
O Yes - On page 20 give name(s) and reason left out.
O No
H2. Did you list anyone in Question 1 who is away from home now - for example, on a vacation or in a hospital?
O Yes - On page 20 give name(s) and reason person is away.
O No
H3. Is anyone visiting here who is not already listed?

O Yes - On page 20 give name of each visitor for whom there is no one at
the home address to report the person to a census taker.
O No

H4. How many living quarters, occupied and vacant, are at this address?
O One
O 2 apartments or living quarters
O 3 apartments or living quarters
O 4 apartments or living quarters
O 5 apartments or living quarters
O 6 apartments or living quarters
O 7 apartments or living quarters
O 8 apartments or living quarters
O 9 apartments or living quarters
O 10 or more apartments or living quarters
O This is a mobile home or trailer

"Mark only one circle. This address means the house or building number where your living quarters are located."

H5. Do you enter your living quarters
O Directly from the outside or through a common or public hall?
O Through someone else's living quarters?

"Mark the second circle only if you must go through someone else's living quarters to get to your own."

H6. Do you have complete plumbing facilities in your living quarters, that is, hot and cold piped water, a flush toilet, and a bathtub or shower?
O Yes, for this household only
O Yes, but also used by another household
O No, have some but not all plumbing facilities
O No plumbing facilities in living quarters
"Consider that you have hot water even if you have it only part of the time. Mark Yes, but also used by another household if someone else who lives in the same building, but is not a member of your household, also uses the facilities. Mark this circle also if the occupants of living quarters now vacant would also use the facilities in you living quarters."

H7. How many rooms do you have in your living quarters?
Do not count bathrooms, porches, balconies, foyers, halls, or half-rooms.
O 1 room O 4 rooms O 7 rooms
O 2 rooms O 5 rooms O 8 rooms
O 3 rooms O 6 rooms O 9 or more rooms

"Count only whole rooms used for living purposes, such as living rooms. dining rooms, kitchens, bedrooms, finished recreation rooms, family rooms, etc. Do not count bathrooms, kitchenettes, strip or pullman kitchens, utility rooms, or unfinished attics, unfinished basements, or other space used for storage."

H8. Are your living quarters -
O Owned or being bought by you or by someone else in this household?
O Rented for cash rent?
O Occupied without payment of cash rent?

"Mark Owned or being bought if the living quarters are owned outright or are mortgaged. Also mark Owned or being bought if the living quarters are owned but the land is rented. Mark Rented for cash rent if any money rent is paid. Rent may be paid by persons who are not members of your household. Occupied without payment of cash rent includes, for example, a parsonage, military housing, a house or apartment provided free of rent by the owner, or a house or apartment occupied by a janitor or caretaker in exchange for services."

H9. Is this apartment (house) part of a condominium?
O No
O Yes, a condominium
"A condominium is housing in which the apartments or houses in a development are individually owned, but the common areas, such as lobbies, halls, etc., are jointly owned. The person owning a condominium very likely has a mortgage on the particular unit."

H10. If this is a one-family house -
a. Is the house on a property of 10 or more acres?
O Yes O No
b. Is any part of the property used as a commercial establishment or medical office?
O Yes O No
"A commercial establishment is easily recognized from the outside, for example, a grocery store or barber shop. A medical office is a doctor's or dentist's office regularly visited by patients."

H11. If you live in a one-family house or a condominium unit which you own or are buying - What is the value of this property, that is, how much do you think this property (house and lot or condominium unit) would sell for if it were for sale?
Do not answer this question if this is -
A mobile home or trailer
A house on 10 or more acres
A house with a commercial establishment or medical office on the property

O Less than $10,000 O $50,000 to $54,999
O $10,000 to $14,999 O $55,000 to $59,999
O $15,000 to $17,499 O $60,000 to $64,999
O $17,500 to $19,999 O $65,000 to $69,999
O $20,000 to $22,999 O $70,000 to $74,999
O $22,500 to $24,999 O $75,000 to $79,999
O $25,000 to $27,499 O $80,000 to $89,999
O $27,500 to $29,999 O $90,000 to $99,999
O $30,000 to $34,999 O $100,000 to $124,999
O $35,000 to $39,999 O $125,000 to $149,999
O $40,000 to $44,999 O $150,000 to $199,999
O $45,000 to $49,999 O $200,000 or more
"Include the value of the house, the land it is on, and any other structures on the same property. If the house is owned but the land is rented, estimate the combined value of the house and the land. If this is a condominium unit, enter the estimated value for your living quarters and your share of the common elements."

H12. If you pay rent for your living quarters -
What is the monthly rent?
If rent is not paid by the month, see the instruction guide on how to figure a monthly rent.
O Less than $50 O $160 to $169
O $50 to $59 O $170 to $179
O $60 to $69 O $180 to $189
O $70 to $79 O $190 to $199
O $80 to $89 O $200 to $224
O $90 to $99 O $225 to $249
O $100 to $109 O $250 to $274
O $110 to $119 O $275 to $299
O $120 to $129 O $300 to $349
O $130 to $139 O $350 to $399
O $140 to $149 O $400 to $499
O $150 to $159 O $500 or more
"Report the rent agreed to or contracted for, even if the rent is unpaid or paid by someone else. If rent is not paid by the month, change the rent to a monthly amount; and then fill the appropriate circle in question H12.

"If rent is paid: Multiply rent by:
By the day 30
By the week 4
Every other week 2

"If rent is paid: Divide rent by:
4 times a year 3
2 times a year 6
Once a year 12"

H13. Which best describes this building?
Include all apartments, flats, etc., even if vacant.
O A mobile home or trailer
O A one-family house detached from any other house
O A one-family house attached to one or more houses
O A building for 2 families
O A building for 3 or 4 families
O A building for 5 to 9 families
O A building for 10 to 19 families
O A building for 20 to 49 families
O A building for 50 or more families
O A boat, tent, van, etc.
"Mark only one circle. Detached means there is open space on all sides, or the house is joined only to a shed or garage. Attached means that the house is joined to another house or building by at least one wall which goes from ground to roof. Mark A one-family house detached from any other house when a mobile home or trailer has had one or more rooms added or built onto it: a porch or shed is not considered a room. Count all occupied and vacant living quarters in the house or building, but not stores or office space."

H14a. How many stories (floors) are in this building?
Count an attic or basement as a story if it has any finished rooms for living purposes.
O 1 to 3 - Skip to H15 O 7 to 12
O 4 to 6 O 13 or more stories
"Do not count unfinished basements or unfinished attics. However, a basement or attic with finished room(s) for living purposed should be counted as a story."

b. Is there a passenger elevator in this building?
O Yes O No
H15a. Is this building -
O On a city or suburban lot, or on a place of less than 1 acre? - Skip to H16
O On a place of 1 to 9 acres?
O On a place of 10 or more acres?
"A city or suburban lot is usually located in a city, a community, or any build-up area outside a city or community, and is not larger than the house and yard. All living quarters in apartment buildings, including garden-type apartments in the city or suburbs, are considered on a city or suburban lot. A place is a farm, ranch, or any other property, other than a city or suburban lot, on which this residence is located."

b. Last year, 1979, did sales of crops, livestock, and other farm products from this place amount to -
O Less than $50 (or None) O $250 to $599 O $1,000 to $2,499
O $50 to $249 O $600 to $999 O $2,500 or more
H16. Do you get water from -
O A public system (city water department, etc.) or private company?
O An individual drilled well?
O An individual dug well?
O Some other source (a spring, creek, river, cistern, etc.)?

"If a well provides water for six or more houses or apartments, mark A public system. If a well provides water for five or fewer houses or apartments, mark one of the categories for individual well. Drilled wells, or small diameter wells, are usually less than 1 1/2 feet in diameter. Dug wells are generally hand dug and are wider."

H17. Is this building connected to a public sewer?
O Yes, connected to public sewer
O No, connected to septic tank or cesspool
O No, use other means
"A public sewer is operated by a government body or a private organization. A septic tank or cesspool is an underground tank or pit used for disposal of sewage."

H18. About when was this building originally built? Mark when the building was first constructed, not when it was remodeled, added to, or converted.
O 1979 or 1980 O 1960 to 1969 O 1940 to 1949
O 1975 to 1978 O 1950 to 1959 O 1939 or earlier
H19. When did the person listed in column 1 move into this house (or apartment)?
O 1979 or 1980 O 1950 to 1959
O 1975 to 1978 O 1949 or earlier
O 1970 to 1974 O Always lived here
O 1960 to 1969
"The term person in column 1 refers to the person listed in the first column on page 2 [the head of household]. This person should be the household member (or one of the members) in whose name the house is owned or rented. If there is no such person, any adult household member can be the person in column 1. Mark when this person last moved into this house or apartment."

H20. How are your living quarters heated?
Fill one circle for the kind of heat used most.
O Steam or hot water system
O Central warm-air furnace with ducts to the individual rooms (Do not count electric heat pumps here)
O Electric heat pump
O Other built-in electric units (permanently installed in wall, ceiling, or baseboard)
O Floor, wall, or pipeless furnace
O Room heaters with flue or vent, burning gas, oil, or kerosene
O Room heaters without flue or vent, burning gas, oil, or kerosene (not portable)
O Fireplaces, stoves, or portable room heaters of any kind
O No heating equipment

"This question refers to the type of heating equipment and not to the fuel used. An electric heat pump is sometimes known as a reverse cycle system. It may be centrally installed with ducts to the rooms or individual heat pumps in the rooms. A floor, well, or pipeless furnace delivers warm air to the room right above the furnace or to the room(s) on one or both sides of the wall in which the furnace is installed and does not have ducts leading to the other rooms. Any heater that you plug into an electric outlet should be counted as a portable room heater."

H21a. Which fuel is used most for house heating?
O Gas: from underground pipes O Coal or coke
serving the neighborhood O Wood
O Gas: bottled, tank, or LP O Other fuel
O Electricity O No fuel used
O Fuel oil, kerosene, etc.
"Gas from underground pipes is piped in from a central system such as one operated by a public utility company or a municipal government. Bottled, tank or LP gas is stored in tanks which are refilled or exchanged when empty. Other fuel includes any fuel not separately listed, for example, purchased steam, fuel briquettes, waste material, etc."

b. Which fuel is used most for water heating?
O Gas: from underground pipes serving the neighborhood O Coal or coke
O Wood
O Gas: bottled, tank, or LP O Other fuel
O Electricity O No fuel used
O Fuel oil, kerosene, etc.

[See H21a.]
c. Which fuel is used most for cooking?
O Gas: from underground pipes O Coal or coke
serving the neighborhood O Wood
O Gas: bottled, tank, or LP O Other fuel
O Electricity O No fuel used
O Fuel oil, kerosene, etc.

[See H21a.]
H22. What are the costs of utilities and fuels for your living quarters?
"If your living quarters are rented, enter the costs for utilities and fuels only if you pay for them in addition to the rent entered in H12. If already included in rent, fill the appropriate circle. The amounts to be reported should be for the past 12 months, that is, for electricity and gas, the monthly average for the past 12 months; for water and other fuels, the total amount for the past 12 months. Estimate as closely as possible when exact costs are not known. Report amounts even if your bills are unpaid or paid by someone else. If the bills include utilities or fuel used also by another apartment or a business establishment, estimate the amounts for your own living quarters. If gas and electricity are billed together, enter the combined amount on the electricity line and bracket ( { ) the two utilities."

a. Electricity
$ __________________.00 OR O Included in rent or no charge
Average monthly cost O Electricity not used
b. Gas
$ __________________.00 OR O Included in rent or no charge
Average monthly cost O Gas not used
c. Water
$ __________________.00 OR O Included in rent or no charge
Yearly cost
d. Oil, coal, kerosene, wood, etc.
$ __________________.00 OR O Included in rent or no charge
Yearly cost O These fuels not used
H23. Do you have complete kitchen facilities? Complete kitchen facilities are a sink with piped water, a range or cookstove, and a refrigerator.
O Yes O No
"The kitchen sink, stove, and refrigerator must be located in the building but do not have to be in the same room. Portable cooking equipment is not considered as a range or cook stove."

H24. How many bedrooms do you have?
Count rooms used mainly for sleeping even if used also for other purposes.
O No bedroom O 2 bedrooms O 4 bedrooms
O 1 bedroom O 3 bedrooms O 5 or bedrooms
H25. How many bathrooms do you have?
A complete bathroom is a room with flush toilet, bathtub or shower, and wash basin with piped water. A half bathroom has at least a flush toilet or bathtub or shower, but does not have all the facilities for a complete bathroom.
O No bathroom, or only a half bathroom
O 1 complete bathroom
O 1 complete bathroom, plus half bath(s)
O 2 or more complete bathrooms
H26. Do you have a telephone in your living quarters?
O Yes O No
"Answer Yes only if the telephone is located in your living quarters."

H27. Do you have air conditioning?
O Yes, a central air-conditioning system
O Yes, 1 individual room unit
O Yes, 2 or more individual room units
O No

"Count only equipment used to cool the air by means of a refrigeration unit."

H28. How many automobiles are kept at home for use by members of your household?
O None O 2 automobiles
O 1 automobile O 3 or more automobiles

"Count company cars, (including police cars and taxicabs) and company trucks that are regularly kept at home and used by household members. Do not count cars or trucks permanently out of working order."

H29. How many vans or trucks of one-ton capacity or less are kept at home for use by members of your household?
O None O 2 vans or trucks
O 1 van or truck O 3 or more vans or trucks
"Count company cars, (including police cars and taxicabs) and company trucks that are regularly kept at home and used by household members. Do not count cars or trucks permanently out of working order."

Please answer H30-H32 if you live in a one-family house which you own or are buying, unless this is -
A mobile home or trailer
A house on 10 or more acres
A condominium unit
A house with a commercial establishment or medical office on the property

If any of these, or if you rent your unit or this is a multi-family structure, skip H30 to H32 and turn to page 6. "Do not answer these questions if you live in a cooperative, regardless of the number of units in the structure."

H30. What were the real estate taxes on this property last year?
$_____________________.00 OR O None

"Report taxes for all taxing jurisdictions even if they are included in mortgage payment, not paid yet, paid by someone else, or are delinquent."

H31. What is the annual premium for fire and hazard insurance on this property?
$_____________________.00 OR O None
"When premiums are paid on other than a yearly basis, convert to a yearly basis and enter the yearly amount, even if no payment was made during the past 12 months."

H32a. Do you have a mortgage, deed of trust, contract to purchase, or similar debt on this property?
O Yes, mortgage, deed of trust, or similar debt
O Yes, contract to purchase
O No - Skip to page 6
"The word "mortgage" is used as a general term to indicate all types of loans which are secured by real estate."

b. Do you have a second or junior mortgage on this property?
O Yes O No
"A second or junior mortgage is also secured by real estate but has been made by the homeowner in addition to the first mortgage."

c. How much is your total regular monthly payment to the lender?
Also include payments on a contract to purchase and to lenders holding second
or junior mortgages on this property.
$_____________________.00 OR O No regular payment required - Skip to page 6
"Enter a monthly amount even if it is unpaid or paid by someone else. If the amount is paid on some other periodic basis, see instructions for H12 to change it to a monthly amount."

d. Does your regular monthly payment (amount entered in H32c) include payments for
real estate taxes on this property?
O Yes, taxes included in payment
O No, insurance paid separately or no insurance

e. Does your regular monthly payment (amount entered in H32c) include payments for
fire and hazard insurance on this property?
O Yes, insurance included in payment
O No, insurance paid separately or no insurance