This part of the Census Users Dictionary defines the subject concepts recognized in 1960 and/or 1970 housing census tabulations. Concepts and their categories and subcategories are included which appear in tabulations the Census Bureau makes generally available to users through printed publications, summary tapes, and microfilm or microfiche. Housing Census Concepts (Part III) is subdivided into three sections: Basic Housing Concepts, Components of Inventory Change (CINCH) Survey, and Survey of Residential Finance. The last two sections include introductory material specifically relevant to the programs involved.

Concepts in the Basic Housing Concepts section are organized under broad headings such as Financial Characteristics, Household Equipment, etc. Concept definitions indicate or are affected by:

166. Value of unit -- The respondents estimate of how much the property would sell for on the current market or (for vacant units) the asking price at the time of enumeration. Value was collected only for one-family houses (one-unit structures), detached and attached, which were owner-occupied or vacant for sale, and which were not on places of 10 or more acres, or on properties which also had a business establishment (a retail store, gasoline station, etc.) or a medical or dental office. Cooperatives, condominiums, mobile homes, and trailers were excluded from the value tabulations.

One-family houses on places (lots) of 10 acres or more, or with a business establishment or medical office on the property, were identified by a separate question on the schedule. No estimate of the value of such units was obtained.

A property is defined as the house and land on which it stands. Respondents were to estimate the value of the entire property even if the occupant owned the house but not the land or owned the property jointly with another owner.

Respondents were to indicate estimated value by several categories. In 1960, these were: less than $5,000, $5,000-7,400, $7,500-9,900, 10,000-$12,400, $12,500-14,900, $15,000- 17,400, $17,500-19,900, $20,000-24,900, $25,000-34,900, $35,000 or more. In 1970 the categories ended in 99, e.g., $5,000- 7,499, and the following categories were added: $35,000-49,999 and $50,000 or more.

Total value, median value, and average value of housing units are calculated. (Midpoints of intervals are used in calculating average values, In 1960, values under $5,000 were assigned a mean of $3,500, and values of $35,000 or more a mean of $42,000; in 1970 values of $50,000 or more are assigned a mean of $60,000.)

(*household equipment items are only collected for occupied housing units)

During the early 1950s, pressures developed from many sources for more sophisticated and useful data on the dynamics of the housing inventory than that provided by the decennial census of housing. There was a need to analyze the changes in the national housing inventory by type of addition, loss, new construction, demolition, conversion, and merger. This need was first met by the Census Bureau through data collection in the 1956 National Housing Inventory. In 1959 a Components of Inventory Change survey was conducted as a part of the 1960 Census of Housing; this study provided information on the changes in the housing inventory for the decennial period April 1950 to December 1959 as well as on changes which had occurred since the December 1956 National Housing Inventory. Requests for data on changes in the housing inventory during the 1960s have resulted in the inclusion of the Components of Inventory Change Survey as part of the 1970 Census of Housing.

The components of change. The basic components of housing inventory change are additions, losses, conversions, mergers, and sames. With reference to the 1970 survey, they are defined as follows.

Additions are those units which did not exist in 1960 and have been newly constructed, moved to site, created from group quarters, or created from space previously used for nonresidential purposes.

Losses comprise those units which existed in 1960 but do not exist now. These include units now used as group quarters, changed to nonresidential use, demolished, moved from site, destroyed by fire or flood, etc.

Conversions cover those units created by division of a 1960 unit into two or more 1970 units. Mergers are those 1970 units resulting from merger of two or more 1960 units.

Sames are the great bulk of the 1960 units which were not affected by these changes. That is, they are living quarters enumerated as one housing unit in 1960 and as one housing unit in 1970.

Note: For operational definitions see concepts 200-203 below.

The 1970 CINCH program. The CINCH program gathers and reports information on the demographic and housing characteristics pertaining to the various components. Among such characteristics are the following: number of rooms, year built, condition and plumbing facilities, tenure, value, rent, household composition, and family income. In addition, selected 1970 and 1960 characteristics such as tenure, value, rent, and family income will be cross-tabulated for units found to be the same. Such information will reflect changes occurring to these units during the decade. Information on recent movers (i.e., heads of households who moved after January 1, 1969) will also be provided. This will be done in cross-tabulations relating characteristics of the present and previous units occupied by recent movers.

The 1970 survey will be conducted in the fall and winter of 1970-71. It will be based on a sample of housing units located in the 357 PSU (primary sampling unit) areas designated for Bureau of the Census current survey programs plus non-PSU counties in the 15 selected standard metropolitan statistical areas. The data will be summarized for the U. S., for the four geographic regions, and for 15 SMSAs. As in 1960, the surveys finding will be published as Volume IV in the series of 1970 publications from the census of housing.

Use of the data. CINCH data is widely used by analysts in business and government. The major value of the information is the basis it provides for projecting future housing requirements for the various sectors of our population. The home building industry needs the information to estimate the extent to which the overall demand for new houses is being met, while bankers and mortgage lenders use it as a guide to lending practices. Producers of building materials and home equipment are aided by information on changes in the housing inventory in their planning for volume and type of production; public utility companies use the information to plan their rate of expansion.

The Federal government, as well as State and local governments, is concerned with changes in both the housing supply and its characteristics because housing construction constitutes an important part of the Nations economy and credit structure. Various departments and agencies use information on housing trends to establish policies for regulating the flow of mortgage credit, maintaining high levels of employment, planning, and developing housing programs and goals.

Unit of Enumeration. The unit of enumeration, or measurement, will be the housing unit. The definition of a housing unit is the same as the one used in the 1970 census and is essentially the same as the 1960 census definition.

The sample. The sample for measuring counts of the components will consist of about 320,000 units. A subsample of about 120,000 units will be used for compiling the detailed demographic and housing characteristics.

One part of the sample will be selected from 1960 census addresses of those housing units in the 25 percent sample. The 1960 sample will provide counts and characteristics for all components except new construction and whole structure additions such as changes from nonresidential to residential use, moved to site, etc.

The count and most of the characteristics for new construct ion are obtained from the 1970 census tabulations for units reported built in the 1960-70 period. However, several items which will not be obtained in the census will come from the 1970 CINCH sample. These include condition of unit and detailed information on recent movers. The 1970 CINCH sample will also provide information on the counts and characteristics for whole structure additions.

Procedures. The procedures for interviewing will largely be determined by the adequacy or inadequacy of the addresses for the sample units. After the sample units have been selected, the areas in which the units are located will be screened according to the criteria used for current surveys in order to determine the adequacy of the addresses. The results of the screening operation will then determine the procedures.

1.Areas with adequate addresses (urban areas).
In areas where the addresses are sufficiently specific, interviewers will visit the specific addresses of the 1960 sample units and will determine the components for all units in the building. If the building is no longer standing, interviewers will determine the disposition (e. g., demolished or moved from site) from neighbors or other reliable respondents. For buildings still containing living quarters, interviewers will make a unit-by-unit comparison based on information from the 1960 census. This procedure will provide the counts for the following components: sames, conversions, mergers, part structure additions and losses, and whole structure losses such as demolitions, moved from site, etc.
For the 1970 sample the addresses of units will be matched with the 1960 census enumerators listing books. All non- matching units will be checked for additional characteristics of new construction and for the count and characteristics of whole structure additions.

2. Areas with inadequate addresses (rural areas).
In these areas, a sample of units in small land area segments will be used. Interviewers will list selected characteristics for all 1970 units located on the segments and make a unit-by-unit comparison with information from the 1960 census to determine the following components: sames, conversions, mergers, part structure additions and losses and whole structure additions. A sub-sample of the existing units will be interviewed for more detailed characteristics. The 1970 sample units in these areas will be matched against the 1970 census schedules. All units built in 1960 or later will be interviewed for the additional items which are not collected in the 1970 census.

Timing. The enumeration is tentatively scheduled for the fall and winter of 1970-71. The information for the first SMSA is scheduled to be published in late fall 1972 with the publications for the remaining SMSAs and the United States following very closely.

Scope. For the 1970 program, separate data will be published for the United States, four geographic regions, and fifteen individual standard metropolitan statistical areas. In response to requests from users of the data, reports for each SMSA will present data separately for the total SMSA, the central city, and possibly the area outside the central city.
The SMSAs, by region, are: Northeast Region--Boston, Buffalo, New York, Philadelphia; North Central Region--Chicago, Cleveland, Detroit, St. Louis; South--Atlanta, Houston, Miami, Washington; West-Los Angeles, San Francisco, Seattle.

All the above SMSAs except Houston and Miami were included in the 1959 Components of Change Survey. The SMSAs not to be included in 1970 which were included in 1959 are: Minneapolis-St. Paul, Pittsburgh, Baltimore, and Dallas. Of these, only Dallas was in both the 1956 National Housing Inventory and the 1959 survey.

Unpublished tabulations. It is currently planned to tabulate selected information for analytical purposes. These analytical tabulations will be available to the users at nominal cost. Some examples of these tabulations are: current use of site for 1960 buildings which are no longer in the inventory; a more detailed breakdown of other additions and losses; more detailed tables of the 1960 and 1970 characteristics for same units; and previous and present residences of recent movers; etc. Special tabulations can be obtained by users on a contract basis. It is not planned, however, to provide users with the computer tapes.

A majority of concepts in the Components of Inventory Change (CINCH) Survey are identical to those in the 1970 Census of Population and Housing. Some of the demographic characteristics will not, however, be collected or reported in as much detail as in the decennial census. There are no changes in definition of components of change from the 1960 program.

The following concepts (in alphabetical order) employed in CINCH are used in the same manner as in the census.

Age of persons in household
Bathtub or shower
Color or race of head of household
Gross rent
Contract rent
Duration of vacancy
Flush toilet
Group quarters
Heating equipment
Highest year of school completed by head
Hot and cold piped water
Housing unit
Income of primary families and individuals
Number of bathrooms
Number of bedrooms
Number of housing units in structure
Number of persons in unit
Number of rooms in unit
Relationship to head of unit
Sex
Tenure
Type of living quarters
Vacancy status
Value of property
Year head moved into unit
Year structure built

A number of advantages and disadvantages of printed reports and summary tapes as data products have been described in the User's Guide . One of the advantages cited for 1970 census summary tapes is that they will include greater subject and geographical detail than will be available in printed reports. Since the data content of these products may be an important factor in deciding whether tapes or printed reports will be best suited to the users purposes, it is a subject which deserves further consideration.

Hundreds of tabulations for various geographical combinations and levels will be available on tape, and many of these, generally presented with declining amounts of detail in moving from larger to smaller areas, will appear in printed reports. As a result, it is not practical to attempt a presentation which details the differences in content. The objective here is to provide a summary of the content of these products to answer the more general questions which users are likely to have (see table 1).

The following material describes some data products not yet finalized. However, if changes occur, they should not be sufficient to significantly affect this summary.
Also, concerning printed materials, attention is limited to those final reports which are the primary printed source of data for small areas. Following the reporting pattern planned for the 1970 census, they are:

Census of the Population , Vol. I, Characteristics of the Population, Parts 2-57, Chapters A, B, C, and D. (Notation: PC(1)- 2A, PC(1)-5B, etc. )

Census of Housing , Vol. I, States and Small Areas, Parts 2-55. (Notation: HC(1)-2, HC(1)-3, etc. )

Census of Housing , Vol. II, Metropolitan Housing, Chapters 2-55. (Notation: HC(2)-2, HC(2)-3, etc. ) Census of Housing, Vol. III, Part A, Block Statistics, (Notation: HC(3)- 1A, HC(3)- 1B, etc.)

Censuses of Population and Housing , Census Tract Report, Number 1, 2, . . . . (Notation: PHC(1)-1, PHC(2)-2, etc. )

In considering the following material, users should keep two points in mind: (1) Tables in the published reports are shown in considerably less detail than the corresponding data on the summary tapes; and (2) small- area data presented on tapes can be combined to create summaries for larger, census-recognized areas when the summaries are omitted from the tape, However, because data items for small areas are often suppressed to preserve confidentiality, summaries for larger areas may be affected by this suppression.

I.First Count Date

A.Printed Reports (Census of Population, Vol. I, Parts 2-57, Chapter A).
1.Geographical areas represented: States (or outlying areas) and counties and their urban and rural parts; places grouped by size, urban-rural, SMSA - non SMSA, and incorporated- unincorporated categories; incorporated places; unincorporated places of 1,000 or more; annexed areas; minor civil divisions or census county divisions; component parts of urbanized areas and SMSAs.
2.Data published: Total population counts for the areas cited; also, selected data from past censuses, area in square miles for counties, and certain derivable percentages.
B.Summary Tapes (see Data Access Description, CT- 2, First Count Summary Tape)
1.Geographical areas presented: States, counties, Congressional Districts, minor civil divisions or census county divisions, places, and enumeration districts or blockgroups. As noted earlier, tract data, for example, are accessible by aggregating appropriate blockgroups or enumeration districts. However, totals may be affected by suppression at the BG or ED level.
2.Data tabulated: Complete-count (100 percent) data for total population, age, sex, race, marital status, relationship to household head, family type, and combinations of these. Historical, percentage, and land area data are not included.

II.Second Count Data
A.Printed Reports (Census Of Population, Vol. I, Parts 2-57, Chapter B; and Census Tract Reports ).
1.Geographical areas represented: (1) In Chapter B: States (or outlying areas) and counties and their urban and rural parts; places grouped by size, urban-rural, and metropolitan-nonmetropolitan categories; SMSAs, urbanized areas, places of 1,000 or more, and minor civil divisions or census county divisions; (2) in Census Tract Reports: SMSAS counties, places of 25,000 or more population, and tracts.
2.Data published: For all or part of the above areas counts are given by sex, race, age, marital status, relationship to head of household, type of family, and combinations of these. Table 2 shows the 100-percent population items included in tract reports, as well as sample items. The 100-percent items are drawn from the Second Count.
B.Summary Tapes (see Data Access Description, CT- 3, Second Count Summary Tape)
1.Geographical areas represented: States, SMSAS, urbanized areas, counties, places, minor civil divisions or census county division, and tracts.
2.Data tabulated: Tabulations involve the same data types as for printed reports, but include more detail, e.g., more racial categories, single years of age through 99, and cross-tabulation by total, white, and Negro.

III.Third Count Data
A.Printed Reports (Census of Housing, Vol. III, A Block Statistics,) (see table 5)
1.Geographical areas represented: Blocks and tracts within urbanized areas and within other areas that have contracted for block statistics.
2.Data published: Total population, and percent of total population which is (1) Negro, (2) in group quarters, (3) under 18 years old, and (4) 62 years old and over.
B.Summary Tapes (see Data Access Description, CT- 4, Third Count Summary Tape).
1.Geographical ,areas represented: Blocks and tracts within urbanized areas and within other areas that have contracted for blocks statistics.
2.Data tabulated: Total population by race (white, Negro, and other) and sex, age and sex (21 age categories), and relationship to household head; population 14 and over by marital status and sex; population under 18 by relationship to household head and type of household.

IV.Fourth Count Data
A.Printed Reports (Census of Population, Vol. I, Parts 2-57, Chapter C; and Census Tract Reports). (See tables 2, 3, and 4.)
1.Geographical areas represented: (1) In Chapter C: States and their urban and rural parts, SMSAs, urbanized areas, urban places, counties, and rural farm and rural nonfarm population of counties; (2) in Census Tract Reports: SMSAS, counties, places of 25,000 or more population, and tracts.
2.Data published: See table 2 for a listing of the characteristics shown for each geographical level. Each characteristic may represent more than one tabulation. Also, it should be kept in mind that the range of information presented generally contracts as the size of the areas decreases. For example, the means of transportation to work tabulation for tracts contains six response categories, instead of nine as presented for larger areas.
B.Summary Tapes (see Data Access Description, CT-5, Fourth Count Summary Tape,)
1.Geographical areas represented: States, SMSAS and component parts, counties, places, minor civil divisions or census county divisions, and tracts.
2.Data tabulated: Characteristics described are the same as in printed reports (see table 2). Several additional tabulations appear. For example: Total population by citizenship status (native, naturalized, alien) for particular age categories, and total males 16 and over in the experienced civilian labor force by six occupational categories and their total for 13 income ranges. For all geographical levels, each item will be tabulated by total, white, Negro, Spanish-American; urban, rural nonfarm, and rural farm.

V.Fifth Count Data
A.No printed reports will be derived from the file.
B.Summary Tapes (see Data Access Description, Fifth Count Summary Tapes).
1.Geographical areas represented: 5-digit level ZIP areas in SMSAS, and 3-digit level elsewhere.
2.Data tabulated: Population counts for areas cited given by sex, age, and race; income by race and size of family; characteristic of families by low income status.

VI.Sixth Count Data
A.Printed Reports (Census of Population, Vol. I, Parts 2-57, Chapter D).
1.Geographical areas represented: SMSAs, central cities, and places of 50,000 or more population.
2.Data published: Sample population items presented in considerable detail and cross-tabulated by age, race, and other characteristics.
B.Summary Tapes (see Data Access Description, Sixth Count Summary Tape).
1.Geographical areas represented: Metropolitan counties, nonmetropolitan counties of 50,000 or more population, cities of 100,000 or more, and SMSAs.
2.Data tabulated: The same sample population items as for printed reports, but using more extensive cross-tabulations by age, sex, race, and other characteristics. Data shown for Negro and Spanish-American.