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Data Dictionary: Census 1970 on 2010 Geographies
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Data Source: Social Explorer; U.S. Census Bureau
Table: T94. Poverty Status of Families and Primary Individuals in Housing Units by Tenure [7]
Universe: Count of Families and Primary Individuals for Which Value and Rent are Tabulated
Table Details
T94. Poverty Status of Families and Primary Individuals in Housing Units by Tenure
Universe: Count of Families and Primary Individuals for Which Value and Rent are Tabulated
Relevant Documentation:
Excerpt from: Social Explorer; U.S. Census Bureau; 1970 Census Users’ Guide; U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1970.
  1970 Census Users' Guide - Part I -> Part II. Population Census Concepts (Concepts 50 through 149) -> Financial well being income and poverty concepts -> Poverty level
Poverty level
Not ascertained in 1960. In 1970, families and unrelated individuals (excluding college students in dormitories and Armed Forces personnel in barracks) are classified as being above or below the poverty level, using the poverty index adopted by a Federal Interagency Committee in 1969. This index takes into account such factors as family size, number of children, and farm-nonfarm residence, as well as the amount of money income. The poverty level is based on an economy food plan designed by the Department of Agriculture for emergency or temporary use when funds are low. The definition assumes that a family is classified as poor if its total money income amounts to less than approximately three times the cost of the economy food plan. These cutoff levels are updated every year to reflect changes in the Consumer Price Index.
In 1970, percent below poverty level is calculated as the proportion of the total universe which reports income below the poverty level: for example, below poverty level families as a percent of all families.

Excerpt from: Social Explorer; U.S. Census Bureau; 1970 Census Users’ Guide; U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1970.
  1970 Census Users' Guide - Part I -> Part II. Population Census Concepts (Concepts 50 through 149) -> Family structure -> Family/unrelated individual status
Family/unrelated individual status
All persons enumerated are classified as family members, unrelated individuals, or inmates of institutions.

Family
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Two or more persons living in same household who are related by blood, marriage, or adoption. (No families are recognized in group quarters. ) All persons living in a household related to each other are regarded as one family. For instance, a son of the head and his wife living in the household are treated as part of the heads family.

The number of families does not necessarily equal the number of households, since not all households include families. Families are classified in the complete-count basic records by family size or number of persons in a family from 2 persons to 35 persons. Average number of persons per family is calculated.

Family (primary)
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Family whose head is also the household head. In 1970, primary families are simply termed families.

Subfamily
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Married couple with or without own children, or one parent with one or more own children (parent-child group), living in a housing unit and related to the household head, but excluding the head (for example, a son, his wife and children, living with the household head). Since subfamily members are counted as part of the heads (primary) family, too, the number of subfamilies is not included in the count of families per seer in any tabulations for families. Census basic records include categories of sub-families by family type.

Secondary family
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In 1960, a family in a household whose head was not related to the household head. In 1970, secondary families are not recognized (since there are so few); persons formerly classed as secondary family members are classed as secondary individuals.

Unrelated individual
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Persons not living with relatives, but living in a household entirely alone or with one or more persons not related to him, or living in group quarters (excepting inmates of institutions).

Primary individual
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Household head living alone or with nonrelatives only. The number of primary individuals living alone equals the number of one-person households.

Secondary individual
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Unrelated individual who is not a household head or who lives in group quarters (excepting inmates of institutions).

Excerpt from: Social Explorer; U.S. Census Bureau; 1970 Census Users’ Guide; U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1970.
  1970 Census Users' Guide - Part I -> Part II. Population Census Concepts (Concepts 50 through 149) -> Family structure -> Family/unrelated individual status -> Primary individual
Primary individual
Household head living alone or with nonrelatives only. The number of primary individuals living alone equals the number of one-person households.

Excerpt from: Social Explorer; U.S. Census Bureau; 1970 Census Users’ Guide; U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1970.
  1970 Census Users' Guide - Part I -> Part Ill. Housing Census Concepts (Concepts 150 through 250) -> Occupancy characteristics of occupied housing units -> Tenure
Tenure
For occupied housing units.

Owner-occupied housing units
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A housing unit is owner-occupied if respondent living in the unit reported that it was owned or being bought (i.e., owned outright, mortgaged, or being bought on land contract) by someone in the household. (The owner need not be the head of the household and may be either the sole owner or co-owner. )

Cooperatives or condominiums
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In 1960, cooperative apartments or houses owned or being bought by someone in the household were classed as part of the owner-occupied category. In 1970, cooperatives or condominiums constitute a separate category from other owner-occupied units.

Renter-occupied housing units
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All occupied housing units which were not owner-occupied are classified as renter-occupied.

Occupied units rented for cash
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Includes units where respondents reported that money rent was paid or contracted for. The rent may have been paid by persons who were not members of the household; for example friends, relatives, a welfare agency, etc.

Occupied units rented without payment of cash
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Includes units where respondents reported the unit was occupied without payment of cash rent and was not being owned or bought; for example, houses or apartments provided free of rent by friends or relatives who owned the property but lived elsewhere, parsonages or houses or apartments occupied by janitors or caretakers in full or partial payment for services, units occupied by tenant farmers or share-croppers who paid no cash rent.